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SOLUTION SET Chapter 10 LASER PUMPING REQUIREMENTS

What is the 4 level pumping scheme in laser?
The pumping operation of a four level laser is similar to the pumping of a three level laser.
This is done by a rapid population of the upper laser level (E₃), through the higher energy level (E₄).
The advantage of the four level laser is the low population of the lower laser energy level (E₂).
Why pumping is necessary for laser action?
There could be no population inversion and hence no laser action, if metastable states don't exist.
The process to achieve the population inversion in the medium is called Pumping action.
It is essential requirement for producing a laser beam.
What is the pumping scheme of a laser?
Laser pumping refers to introducing energy into a laser system to produce a population inversion, where there are more atoms or molecules in an excited state than in the ground state.
This increases the probability of stimulated emission of light and enables lasing to occur.
Chemical pumping in a laser is when a chemical reaction excites the electrons which power the laser light emission.
Fire glows, right? This is a chemical reaction making light.
It is incoherent, chaotic light, not laser light.

What is the 4 level pumping scheme in laser?