Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criterion, from some set of available alternatives.
It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization.
“Optimization” comes from the same root as “optimal”, which means best.
When you optimize something, you are “making it best”.
The objective function, f(x), which is the output you're trying to maximize or minimize.
The objective function, f(x), which is the output you're trying to maximize or minimize.