“an integrated approach to management that considers the entire ecosystem, including humans.
The goal of EBM is to maintain an ecosystem in a healthy, productive and resilient condition so that it can provide the services humans want and need.
LMEs are defined by ecological criteria, including bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and tropically linked populations.
The LME concept for ecosystem-based management has 5-module approach focused on productivity, fish and fisheries, pollution and ecosystem health, socioeconomics, and governance.
The number of marine ecosystems is actively debated.
Although there is some disagreement, several types of marine ecosystems are largely agreed on: estuaries, salt marshes, mangrove forests, coral reefs, the open ocean, and the deep-sea ocean.
An estuary is a coastal zone where oceans meet rivers.