c Productive (Can you do it nearly all the time, no matter what the word?) i Inflection: productive ii Derivation: non-productive Exercises 1 Morphemes For each word below, state 1) how many morphemes it has, 2) whether it is simple or complex, 3) what the root is, 4) what category the root is, 5) what the bound morpheme(s) are, if any
When you’re doing morphological analysis, you’ll be asked to report your results in various ways Sometimes you’ll be asked to tell whether various morphemes are free or bound, roots or affixes, prefixes or suffixes, etc Other times, you’ll be asked to write rules that explain how words are built out of morphemes
explain the difference between possible and actual words; de?ne the term productivity; explain what is meant by the terms “lexeme” and “lexicalization ” 4 1 Introduction to morphology As speakers, what do we know about our mother tongue? Much of our linguistic knowledge is unconscious When we start to learn a new language, we often
Morphology is particularly important feature in English It is called ‘the grammar of words (w hile syntax discussed late in Unit 9 is the grammar of sentences) Morphology is part of grammar which mostly causes language learning to be difficult, and therefore, it is important to deal with the morphological systems Task 7-1
If you are familiar with both languages, you can point out the similarity between bicycle and bicyclette, and inquire as to whether they mean the same thing Then, you can extend this to other French words beginning with the morpheme bi-, such as bilingue (bilingual), biannuel (biannual), and bidirectionnel (bidirectional) Using cognates to
(Hint: you must refer to the definition of morpheme to be able to answer this ) d Can the same morpheme be spelled differently? Give examples e Can different morphemes be pronounced identically? Give examples f A morpheme is basically the same as: i a letter ii a sound iii a group of sounds iv none of the above 3
What is Morphology? Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman Page 2 MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Morphology is often referred to as grammar, the set of rules governing words speakers recognise the internal stability of the word but the spaces do not define