Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world Organic Molecule –a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with atoms of up to 4 different elements, leading to a variety of carbon compounds Most often shares with C, H, N, O, P, and S
Now to the nomenclature for carbon (organic) molecules The prefix of a carbon molecule depends on how many carbons are in the molecule Prefixes: 1 carbon meth- 2 carbon eth- 3 carbon prop- 4 carbon but- 5 carbon pent- 6 carbon hex- 7 carbon hept- 8 carbon oct- The suffix of a carbon molecule is based on whether the molecule
Organic molecules that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
1 1 Organic Molecules All organic molecules contain carbon (C), virtually all of them contain hydrogen (H), and most contain oxygen (O) and/or nitrogen (N) atoms Many organic molecules also have halogen atoms such as fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), or iodine (I) Other atoms in organic compounds include sulfur (S),
3 1 Organic Molecules A Definitions 1 Organic molecules have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure and function of living things 2 Inorganic molecules do not contain carbon and hydrogen together; inorganic molecules such as salt ions can play important roles in living things B The Carbon Atom 1
Carbon forms the backbone of many of the biological Each carbon atom can form double bonds with up to two more carbon atoms an organic molecule is
Now to the nomenclature for carbon (organic) molecules The prefix of a carbon molecule depends on how many carbons are in the molecule Prefixes: 1 carbon
4 1 Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds In molecules with multiple carbon atoms, every carbon atom bonded to four other atoms has a