Air Pollution and its Effects on Health

Environment impact assessment for point sources. Awareness raising activities (cf. environmental education). Page 10. 3. Case Studies.

PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

Only 60% of the plastic produced is recycled balance 9400 Tonnes of plastic is left unattended in environment causing land

pollution control acts rules & notifications issued thereunder

08-Apr-2021 ... case of proposed industries. Operation expected to begin (day) (month) (year). (b) air pollution control equipment and emission to be ...

SOIL POLLUTION: A HIDDEN REALITY

REMEDIATION BY Environmental pollutants and breast cancer: Epidemiologic studies. Cancer. 109 ...

Waste-Wise-Cities.pdf

set of case studies on best practices documents what is being done to make this change in landfills; prevent land water and air pollution; and realise.

REFORMS IN URBAN PLANNING CAPACITY IN INDIA

16-Sept-2021 infrastructure extreme air pollution

Environmental Issues.pmd

to be enforced to protect ourselves from noise pollution. 16.1.1 Controlling Vehicular Air Pollution: A Case. Study of Delhi. With its very large population

ACTION PLAN FOR CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION IN NON

Case No. OA 681/2018 Order dated 08.10.2018. Source In light of the above executions. CSE in its study has declared. Bhopal as the least air polluted city.

(Microsoft PowerPoint - y?Sz20170212 air pollution

Environment impact assessment for point sources. Awareness raising activities (cf. environmental education). Page 10. 3. Case Studies.

Air Pollution and its Effects on Health – Case Studies India

Health – Case Studies India Air pollution in Indian cities. Critical [PM ... Type of study : Cross sectional with matched controls.

WHO Guidelines for indoor air quality : selected pollutants

defend a position related to the subject of air pollution. design and in some cases

Environmental Studies For Undergraduate Courses

energy resource and environmental pollution have been found to be responsible Forest resources : Use and over-exploitation deforestation

THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT

Power to take samples of air or emission and procedure to be followed in connection therewith. 27. Reports of the result of analysis on samples taken under

Health & Environmental Effects Of Air Pollution - Mass.Gov

In extreme cases it can even cause death. Who Is Most at Risk? Air pollution is a problem for all of us. However

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impact of tobacco in terms of indoor pollution and on biodiversity turns tobacco from an issue change: a case-study of a rural community in Brazil.

Presentation On Air Pollution – Issues and Its Control

Major sources of air pollution in Delhi include: ? Vehicles. ? Road Re-suspension dust. ? Construction Activities. ? Trans-state movement of pollutants.

Air Pollution Tragedy: A Case Study

Air Pollution Tragedy: A Case Study Lesson. Students will build awareness of past air pollution disasters by ... (See Resource 1 for case studies.).

Air Pollution in Pune

01-Nov-2019 A recently published analysis of annual air quality trends in Pune by the Urban Emissions Air Pollution Knowledge.

Air Pollution and its Effects on

Health - Case Studies, India

Manas Ranjan Ray & Twisha Lahiri

Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata

Air pollution in Indian cities

Critical [PM

10 > 90 g/m 3 Guwahati, Patna, Raipur, Delhi, Faridabad, Dhanbad, Nagpur, Bhopal, Indore, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Jaipur, Howrah, Kolkata

High [PM

61 - 90

g/m 3 Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Ahmedabad, Panjim, Shimla, Bangalore,

Mumbai, Pune, Bhubanshwar

Moderate [PM

31 - 60

g/m 3

Kochi, Shillong, Chennai

Low [PM

10 up to 30 g/m 3

Aizwal

CPCB, 2009

Particulate pollutant levels in past

10 years were far above NAAQS

Vehicular emission contributes

70% of pollution load

Air Pollution in Kolkata

Objectives

!To prepare a database on the impact of chronic exposure to urban air pollution on the respiratory and systemic health of the residence of Kolkata (former

Calcutta)

!To investigate the underlying mechanism of air pollution-related health impairments at the cellular and subcellular levels for better understanding and management of the problem •!Type of study : Cross sectional with matched controls !Area: Kolkata & Rural West Bengal !Participant :

932 urban male, median age : 44 yr (25 - 58 yr)

!812 rural control, median age : 43 yr (24 - 57 yr) !Urban, occupationally exposed (n = 460):

Traffic policemen - 56

!Road-side hawker - 188 !Auto-rickshaw driver - 82 !Bus driver - 78 !Motor mechanic - 56

Urban, with office job (n = 472)

Study protocol

932 urban male, median age : 44 yr (25 - 58 yr)

812 rural control, median age : 43 yr (24 - 57 yr)

Urban, occupationally exposed (n = 460):

Air pollution

Increases prevalence of upper respiratory symptoms

Air pollution

Increases prevalence of upper respiratory symptoms ...

Seasonal impact on LRS

SES Dry cough Wet cough

High 1 1

Medium 2.31* 1.72*

Low 3.34* 2.20*

Inverse correlation with SES

Epidemiological study on

health hazards of air pollution is in progress

Questionnaire survey for

respiratory symptoms and neurobehavioral problems

Pulmonary function test by spirometry

Parameters measured

FVC, FEV

1 , FEV 1 / FVC, PEFR, FEF

25-75%

0 2 4

0255075100125150175200225250

No. of individuals

FVC (L)

MeasuredPredicted

0 2 4

0255075100125150175200225250

No. of individuals

FEV1 (L/s)

MeasuredPredicted

Lung function of urban group

Air pollution adversely affects lung function

Reduced lung function

Air pollution and COPD

Elastase

PMN

AM (MMP12)

PMN

Fate of airborne pollutants

after inhalation

Alveolar macrophages engulf inhaled PM

Rural Urban

Alveolar Macrophage with engulfed carbonaceous PM

Phagocytosis of ultrafine particles by AM

10 micrometer

Air pollution and pulmonary

inflammation

Adverse cellular lung reaction

Airway infection & inflammation

Air pollution and inflammatory cytokines

1. !Interleukin-6, 2. Interleukin-8, 3. Interleukin-10, 4. Interleukin-12, 5 . TNF-alpha

Iron in AM

Does air pollution affect

the immunity?

CD4+ cells

CD8+ cells

CD19+ cells

CD16+56+

cells CD4+ CD8+

Rural Urban

Immune alterations

CD4 (FL2)

48%
CD8 (FL1) 53%

Rural Urban

Immune alterations ...

1. !CD11b neutrophil, 2. CD11b monocyte, 3. CD18 neutrophil, 4. CD18 monocyte

Immune alterations ...

Does air pollution affect

the cardiovascular system? It is not just the lungs and lower respiratory tract, the cardiovascular system is also affected by air pollution

Dr. Alfred Munzer

Former President, American Lung Association

Air pollution increases heart diseases

Air pollution increases prevalence of hypertension

Giant platelets

Air pollution activates blood platelets

2-fold rise in aggregation & ATP-release

Platelet activation - cardiovascular risk

Neutrophil-platelet aggregates

Monocyte-platelet aggregates

MFI of CD11b/CD18 on leukocytes

increased by 48% !Inflammation and activation of coagulation cascadequotesdbs_dbs2.pdfusesText_2

[PDF] Air Pollution and its Effects on Health – Case Studies India

Air Pollution and its Effects on

Health - Case Studies, India

Manas Ranjan Ray & Twisha Lahiri

Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata

Air pollution in Indian cities

Critical [PM

High [PM

61 - 90

Mumbai, Pune, Bhubanshwar

Moderate [PM

31 - 60

Kochi, Shillong, Chennai

Low [PM

Aizwal

CPCB, 2009

Particulate pollutant levels in past

10 years were far above NAAQS

Vehicular emission contributes

70% of pollution load

Air Pollution in Kolkata

Objectives

Calcutta)

932 urban male, median age : 44 yr (25 - 58 yr)

Traffic policemen - 56

Urban, with office job (n = 472)

Study protocol

932 urban male, median age : 44 yr (25 - 58 yr)

812 rural control, median age : 43 yr (24 - 57 yr)

Urban, occupationally exposed (n = 460):

Air pollution

Air pollution

Seasonal impact on LRS

SES Dry cough Wet cough

High 1 1

Medium 2.31* 1.72*

Low 3.34* 2.20*

Inverse correlation with SES

Epidemiological study on

Questionnaire survey for

Pulmonary function test by spirometry

Parameters measured

FVC, FEV

25-75%

0255075100125150175200225250

No. of individuals

FVC (L)

MeasuredPredicted

0255075100125150175200225250

No. of individuals

FEV1 (L/s)

MeasuredPredicted

Lung function of urban group

Air pollution adversely affects lung function

Reduced lung function

Air pollution and COPD

Elastase

AM (MMP12)

Fate of airborne pollutants

Alveolar macrophages engulf inhaled PM

Rural Urban

Alveolar Macrophage with engulfed carbonaceous PM

Phagocytosis of ultrafine particles by AM

10 micrometer

Air pollution and pulmonary

Adverse cellular lung reaction

Airway infection & inflammation

Air pollution and inflammatory cytokines

Iron in AM

Does air pollution affect

CD4+ cells

CD8+ cells

CD19+ cells

CD16+56+

Rural Urban

Immune alterations

CD4 (FL2)

Rural Urban

Immune alterations ...

Immune alterations ...