[PDF] classification and nomenclature of organic compounds pdf

How are organic compounds classified?

Organic compounds can also be classified on the basis of functional groups into families or homologous series. 1. Functional group The functional group can be defined as an atom or a group of atoms that are joined together in a specific manner, which is responsible for the characteristic chemical properties of organic compounds.

What is the systematic nomenclature of organic compounds?

The systematic nomenclature of organic compounds indicates the positions of substituents using the lowest numbers possible to identify their locations in the carbon chain of the parent compound. If two compounds have the same systematic name, then they are the same compound.

What is organic chemistry?

Organic chemistry was once thought to be confined to the study of substances produced as part of the natural processes of living organisms, but as Friedrich Wohler discovered in the early 1800s, organic compounds can be synthesized from minerals and other non-organic materials in the laboratory.

How are functional groups assigned to a compound?

For naming purposes, the functional groups are assigned with priorities (Table 2.3). If the compound includes more than one functional groups, the one with the highest priority is the “parent structure” and determines the “parent name”; the other groups will be regarded as “substituents”.