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Chapter 11 Fraunhofer DiffractionChapter 11 Fraunhofer

a diffraction pattern is observed inboth the x-and y-dimensions, governed in each dimension by the formula we have alread y developed : he length a and width b II= α() 2 1 sin 2 c where ka Zeroes in the irradiance pattern are observed when mf mf yorx ba αθ λλ β = == x y

Theory Part I: Diffraction

Double Slit Diffraction with d = 10 λ Angle (degrees) Fig 5a: Diffraction from a double slit If we now allow the width of the two slits to be finite, diffraction will occur and the intensity distribution will be that given by Eq 3 and shown graphically in Figure 5b Diffraction from a slit of width a = 4 λ Angle (degrees)

Matthew Schwartz Lecture 19: Diﬀraction and resolution

Using Huygens’ principle, we can easily compute the diffraction pattern from a plane wave passing through any number of holes Say there are N holes in a row separated by a distance d The solution will be as if there are N sources separated by a a distance d Thus the pattern will

Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction

Θd=diffraction angle (measured from normal) p=integer (order of diffraction) Θi Θd • Same formula whether it’s a transmission or reflection grating – n=0 gives straight line propagation (for transmission grating) or law of reflection (for reflection grating)

The Practical BehaviorofVarious Edge-DiffractionFormulas

double terrain diffraction, which serves to illustrate the differences and tradeoffs between diffraction solutions The ensuing physical understanding will help engineers choose which scenarios are more applicable to KED or Sommerfeld screen solutions 2 Breaking Down Edge-Diffraction Formulas 2 1 Knife-EdgeDiffraction Formula

Diffraction grating, first order

Diffraction grating, first order For the diffraction grating, d sin(θ) = mλ Ranking the colors by increasing wavelength, we have blue, green, red The longer the wavelength, the larger the angle Is this the same as 2 what happens with a prism? This is opposite to what happens with a prism

Electron Diffraction and Crystal Structure

observed a strong diffraction peak in electron scattering from nickel The wavelength of the “electron wave”, as calculated from the Bragg formula and the lattice constant of nickel, was exactly as predicted by de Broglie This was verified shortly thereafter by G Thompson in Scotland De Broglie got the Nobel Prize in 1929

X-ray Diffraction (XRD)

formula and name 5 data on diffraction method used 6 crystallographic data 7 optical and other data 8 data on specimen 9 data on diffraction pattern Quality of data Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, JCPDS (1969) Replaced by International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICDF (1978)

Experiments with Diffraction

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