The gummy bear in the lab is going to be a prime example for osmosis which is the flow of In hypertonic solutions
The low membrane potential in hypertonic solution (-37 mV) com- example of the effects of K-free hypertonic solution on the membrane.
5% sodium chloride hypertonic eye drops treatment significantly reduces post operative corneal oedema as shown by the downward trend in pachymetry. Example of
Methods: Sputum samples were mixed with hypertonic salt solutions in vitro in a ratio of Keywords: Cystic fibrosis Rheology
due to immersion in the hypertonic aqueous solutions of sucrose fructose
intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic NaCl or isotonic glucose tions of a hypertonic solution
For example if 2% Nacl solution is added to blood. (defibrinated)
CHAPTER 5: Solutions Colloids
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2003;79(Suppl 2):S187-S94: Hypertonic saline pediatrics
Hypertonic solutions cause shrinkage while hypotonic solutions induce swelling. The In general the size of the sample should be not exceed.
The use of hypertonic solutions (2 3 and 23 4 sodium chloride) were initially used for in-the-field resuscitation of patients with multi-system trauma and later for treatment of increased ICP due to conditions such as brain tumors or isolated traumatic brain injury Recently hypertonic solutions have been used as osmotic therapy for brain
Hypertonic Hyper: excessive Tonic: concentration of a solution The cell has an excessive amount of solute extracellularly and osmosis is causing water to rush out of the cell intracellularly to the extracellular area which will cause the CELL TO SHRINK Hypertonic solutions 3 Saline 5 Saline 10 Dextrose in Water (D10W)
solution in which the concentration of all solute particles is lower than the cell (and therefore the concentration of water is higher) then water will move into the cell Such a solution is called hypotonic If the solute molecules are unable to pass through the cell
2 Hypertonic Solutions: 2 Sodium Chloride/Sodium Acetate (total 292 8 mEq of sodium/liter) Ingredients: Sterile Water Sodium Chloride 23 4 = 4 mEq/ml = 234 mg/mL Sodium acetate 32 8 = 4 mEq/ml = 328 mg/mL Composition for a total volume of 1000 ml: 1 Sterile Water = 927 ml 2 Sodium chloride 23 4 (4 mEq/ml) = 170 mEq = 42 5 ml
Hypertonic saline solutions (HTS) are used to treat a variety of neurologic conditions in the ICU HTS bolus has been shown to be effective in treating increased intra-cranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral edema due to traumatic brain injury cerebrovascular accident and aneurysmal hemorrhage High quality evidence is lacking to define the