The deficit ratio and the gov- ernment debt-to GDP ratio both of which have GDP in the denominator
WHAT ARE THE KEY CAUSES? The key burdens on the budget contributing to rising debt levels are: •. Rising government remuneration costs: the main cause of
government debt accumulation to finance increased spending (World Bank Elevated debt in major EMDEs including China
Across advanced economies the reduction in fertility rates and the extension of life spans have increased the elderly population
debt securities) held by the domestic financial sector2 . While insurance companies and pension funds have long been important credit providers
of Italy's sizeable government debt and we shed some light on the drivers affecting its evolution. The main causes of this debt resurgence.
tax grants and national debt services account for approximately The main causes behind an increase in government general bonds outstanding after FY1990 ...
In this context the holdings structure of government debt becomes important. Knowing who are the ultimate holders of Italian public debt is crucial for