With 5 stored templates the system based on GMM achieved 96% identification accuracy, and 97% verification accuracy.
Techniques that are used in hand geometry biometrics are relatively simple and easy to use [11]..
The devices use a simple concept of measuring and recording the length, width, thickness, and surface area of an individual's hand while guided on a plate (Figure 1).
Hand geometry systems use a camera to capture a silhouette image of the hand (Figure 2)..
Definition.
Hand-geometry devices are specially designed biometric devices used for capturing the geometric characteristics (e.g., the length, width, thickness and curvature of the fingers, the palm size, and the distances between joints) of a human hand for hand-geometry-based identity verification..
Hand geometry recognition is the longest implemented biometric type, debuting in the market in the late 1980s.
The systems are widely implemented for their ease of use, public acceptance, and integration capabilities..
Biometric identifiers are often categorized as physiological characteristics which are related to the shape of the body.
Examples include, but are not limited to fingerprint, palm veins, face recognition, DNA, palm print, hand geometry, iris recognition, retina, odor/scent, voice, shape of ears and gait..
Palm Scan: The palm has creases, ridges and grooves throughout it that are unique to a specific person.
Hand Geometry: The shape of a person's hand (the length and width of the hand and fingers) measures hand geometry..
Hand geometry is a biometric that identifies users from the shape of their hands.
Hand geometry readers measure a user's palm and fingers along many dimensions including length, width, deviation, and angle and compare those measurements to measurements stored in a file..
The birth of Hand Geometry Recognition goes back all the way to the 1960s; it was patented in 1985, and by the early 1990s, it started to take heavy market dominance.
At present, unlike the other Biometric modalities, there is only one primary vendor which develops this particular technology..
Hand geometry recognition systems are widely used for applications in physical access, attendance tracking, and personal verification..
Hand geometry readers measure a user's palm and fingers along many dimensions including:
Biometrics:
Since hand geometry recognition relies on the concept that shape of human hand is a unique characteristic, its recognition systems are designed to perform measurement of the hand’s shape like surface area, thickness, length, and width of an individual’s hand, finger width, height, and length, distances between joints and knuckle shapes.
In fact, the hand geometry system – Identimat developed by Identimation – is one of the earliest reported implementations of a biometric system for commercial applications.
Since then, the hand geometry biometric systems have found applications in wide variety of fields ranging from airports to nuclear power plants [ 4 ].
Biometric identification
