Nipah virus biosafety level

How was Nipah virus identified?
Nipah virus (NiV) was first discovered in 1999 following an outbreak of disease in pigs and people in Malaysia and Singapore.
This outbreak resulted in nearly 300 human cases and more than 100 deaths, and caused substantial economic impact as more than 1 million pigs were killed to help control the outbreak..
What are the diseases in BSL 4?
Biohazard Level 4 usually includes dangerous viruses like Ebola, Marburg virus, Lassa fever, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, and many other hemorrhagic viruses found in the tropics..
What biosafety level is the Hendra virus?
The new genus Henipavirus was created within the Paramyxovirinae subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae for the Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) pathogens Hendra virus and Nipah virus..
What class is Nipah virus?
Phylum:NegarnaviricotaClass:MonjiviricetesOrder:MononegaviralesFamily:Paramyxoviridae.
What hazard group is Nipah virus?
SECTION 7 – Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
RISK GROUP CLASSIFICATION: Risk Group 4 ⁽²⁹⁾.
CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Containment Level 4 facilities, equipment, and operational practices for work involving infected or potentially infected materials, animals, or cultures..
What is the classification of Nipah virus?
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus (Henipavirus genus, Paramyxovirinae subfamily, Paramyxoviridae family, order Mononegavirales), an emerging virus that can cause severe respiratory illness and deadly encephalitis in humans..
What is the laboratory test for Nipah virus?
Different tests are available to diagnose NiV infection.
During early stages of the illness, laboratory testing can be conducted using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from throat and nasal swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and blood..
All work with infectious Lassa and Lujo viruses must be performed in BSL-4/ABSL-4 containment.
PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, respiratory exposure to infectious droplets, and/or direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes.
Different tests are available to diagnose NiV infection.
During early stages of the illness, laboratory testing can be conducted using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from throat and nasal swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and blood.
IgM ELISA is typically the first-line NiV serological diagnostic test, followed by serum neutralisation or PCR as a confirmatory test.
Nipah virus infection can occur in humans after close contact with an infected animal or its body fluids and through contaminated food products.
Infected humans can then spread NiV to other humans, either through direct human-to-human contact or indirectly through ingestion of contaminated foods.
The new genus Henipavirus was created within the Paramyxovirinae subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae for the Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) pathogens Hendra virus and Nipah virus.

Nipah virus is a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) pathogen that causes severe respiratory illness and encephalitis in humans.

Ideal Infection Control Practices Include The Following

Health care workers should strictly adhere to universal precautions in the management of patients with known or suspected Nipah virus infections.

Is Nipah a BSL4 pathogen?

Nipah virus is classified internationally as a biosafety level 4 (BSL4) pathogen, but if the samples are inactivated on collection, it can be handled in a BSL2 laboratory.
The diagnosis of nipah virus relies on viral isolation, histology, serology (serum neutralization, ELISA and immunofluorescence assays) and PCR.

Is Nipah a paramyxovirus?

Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus ( Henipavirus genus, Paramyxovirinae subfamily, Paramyxoviridae family, order Mononegavirales ), an emerging virus that can cause severe respiratory illness and deadly encephalitis in humans.
It is a negative sense, single-stranded, nonsegmented, enveloped RNA virus possessing helical symmetry.

Is NIV a Biosafety Level 4 pathogen?

The infection of humans with the Bangladeshi or Indian NiV strains resulted in a higher percentage of patients with respiratory disease and a higher mortality rate (70%), compared to that with Malaysia and Singapore strains [ 2, 3 ].
Owing to its high lethality, NiV is generally classified as a biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) pathogen.

Key Issues

Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic virus of public health importance in the South East Asia region, capable of infecting humans and a wide range of domesticated animals (pigs, horses, goats, sheep, cats and dogs).
In humans it tends to cause severe encephalitis, systemic vasculitis and pneumonia with very high mortality (ranges from 40-70%), while.

Known Facts

Nipah virus is an enveloped, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus very closely related to Hendra virus, the virus is named after the Malaysian village where it was first discovered.

Mode of Transmission

The virus is transmitted to humans through three main routes:

What is Nipah virus (nee-PA)?

Nipah (Nee-pa) viral disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae.
It is a biosafety level-4 pathogen, which is transmitted by specific types of fruit bats, mainly Pteropus spp. which are natural reservoir host.

Nipah virus biosafety level

How was Nipah virus identified?

What are the diseases in BSL 4?

What biosafety level is the Hendra virus?

What class is Nipah virus?

What hazard group is Nipah virus?

What is the classification of Nipah virus?

What is the laboratory test for Nipah virus?