Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to how flexibly and efficiently the individual makes use of available brain resources. The CR model suggests the brain actively attempts to cope with brain damage by using pre-existing cognitive processing approaches or by enlisting compensatory approaches.
Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to how flexibly and efficiently the individual makes use of available brain resources. The CR model suggests the brain actively attempts to cope with brain damage by using pre-existing cognitive processing approaches or by enlisting compensatory approaches.
The cognitive reserve (CR) theory, developed in research on aging and dementia, postulates that individual differences in the cognitive processes or neural networks underlying task performance allow some people to cope better than others with brain damage, so that patients with higher CR can withstand more advanced
Clinical Implications
There are direct clinical implications of CR for clinical characterization of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.
For example, the optimal descriptive evaluation of someone for Alzheimer’s disease should include measures of cognition and function, disease pathology and the individual’s CR assessed either by proxy or by imaging-based techniques.
This wou.
Conclusion
In summary, epidemiologic and imaging evidence support the concept of reserve.
Reserve is malleable and can be influenced by experiences in every stage of life.
Here, I have discussed CR and BR.
The level of BR at any point in time is determined by BM.
The concept of reserve is applicable to a wide range of conditions that impact on brain function .
Does brain deterioration affect cognitive reserve?
These observations indicate that individuals with higher cognitive reserve can better cope with the brain changes and can maintain higher function despite brain deterioration.
Cognitive reserve is typically measured via proxies that summarize experiences that affect reserve, such as:
educational and occupational attainment ( Stern et al., 1999 ). Epidemiologic Evidence
Epidemiologic evidence for BR relies on differential susceptibility to cognitive change or disease as a function of the extent of neurobiological capital.
For example, several studies have found reduced prevalence or incidence of Alzheimer’s disease as a function of brain size or head circumference (e.g., Schofield, Logroscino, Andrews, Albert, & S.
Introduction
The concept of reserve (CR) was developed to account for the disjunction between the degree of brain damage and the clinical manifestation of that damage.
It is a common clinical observation that two people can sustain what appears to be the same amount of damage but have widely different clinical presentations.
In this paper, I will briefly review.
Studying Cognitive Reserve
In my first paper about CR (although I did not call it that at that time; Stern, Alexander, Prohovnik, & Mayeux, 1992), we used an imaging measure of neurodegeneration, considered to be the final path of Alzheimer’s pathology including plaques and tangles, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
When controlling for disease severity, the study noted .
What is the cognitive reserve hypothesis?
The cognitive reserve hypothesis posits that these lifestyle factors result in individual differences in the flexibility and adaptability of brain networks that may allow some people to cope better than others with age- or dementia-related brain changes.
Why do some people have better cognitive reserve than others?
It comes down to something called cognitive reserve.
This is a concept used to explain a person’s capacity to maintain normal cognitive function in the presence of brain pathology.
To put it simply, some people have better cognitive reserve than others.
