Colombian constitutional law leading cases

Presidential elections were held in Colombia on 28 May 2006. Álvaro Uribe was re-elected as President for another four-year term, starting on 7 August 2006.
Uribe obtained 62.35% of the vote, surpassing the 50% needed to avoid a runoff against the second-placed candidate.

Abortion in Colombia is freely available on request up to the 24th week of pregnancy, due to a ruling by the Constitutional Court on February 21, 2022.
Later in pregnancy, it is only allowed in cases of risk of death to the mother, fetal malformation, or rape, according to a Constitutional Court ruling in 2006.

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country mostly in South America with insular regions in North America.
The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest.
Colombia is divided into 32 departments.
The Capital District of Bogotá is also the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub.
Other major urbes include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga.
It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers, and has a population of around 52 million.
Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by mass immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by the African diaspora, as well as with those of the various Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization.
Spanish is the official language, although English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.

The Political Constitution of Colombia of 1991, is the Constitution of the Republic of Colombia.
It was promulgated in Constitutional Gazette number 114 on Thursday, July 4, 1991, and is also known as the Constitution of Human Rights.
It replaced the Political Constitution of 1886 and was issued during the presidency of the liberal César Gaviria, with ideas from the also liberal Luis Carlos Galán.

Colombia seeks diplomatic and commercial relations with all countries, regardless of their ideologies or political or economic systems.
For this reason, the Colombian economy is quite open, relying on international trade and following guidelines given by international law.

Colombia is a sovereign state situated in South America.
It has been a member of the United Nations since 5 November 1945, and is party to a variety of international agreements concerning human rights.
It also has a series of domestic laws concerning the protection of human rights.
However, Colombia's human rights record often contradicts directly with the laws and agreements to which it is bound; Colombia was referred to as the country with the worst human rights record in the western hemisphere, by HRW in 2007.
The same was said of Guatemala in 1998, as well as Cuba in 2012 and Venezuela today.
In the UK Foreign Office annual human rights report for 2010, Colombia features as one of 20 Countries of Concern.

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's Army is a Marxist–Leninist guerrilla group involved in the continuing Colombian conflict starting in 1964.
The FARC-EP was officially founded in 1966 from peasant self-defense groups formed from 1948 during the Violencia as a peasant force promoting a political line of agrarianism and anti-imperialism.
They are known to employ a variety of military tactics, in addition to more unconventional methods, including terrorism.

The United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA) is a bilateral free trade agreement between the United States and Colombia.
Sometimes called the Colombia Free Trade Agreement, it was signed on November 22, 2006, by Deputy U.S.
Trade Representative John Veroneau and Colombian Minister of Trade, Industry, and Tourism Jorge Humberto Botero.
CTPA is a comprehensive agreement that will eliminate tariffs and other barriers to trade in goods and services between the United States and Colombia, including government procurement, investment, telecommunications, electronics commerce, intellectual property rights, and labor and environmental protection The United States Congress.
Colombia's Congress approved the agreement and a protocol of amendment in 2007.
Colombia's Constitutional Court completed its review in July 2008, and concluded that the Agreement conforms to Colombia's Constitution.
President Obama tasked the Office of the U.S.
Trade Representative with seeking a path to address outstanding issues surrounding the Colombia FTA.
The United States Congress then took on the agreement and passed it on October 12, 2011.
The agreement went into effect on May 15, 2012.