Criminal law doctrine application and practice third edition

What is the positivist theory of criminal law in the Philippines?
According to the Supreme Court, the positivist theory of criminal law states that the basis for criminal liability is the sum total of the social and economic phenomena to which the offense is expressed..
Classical or Juristic Theory – posits that a human person is essentially a moral creature with an absolute free will to choose between good and evil.
It asserts that one should only be adjudged or held accountable for wrongful acts if free will appears unimpaired.

What is the positivist theory of criminal law in the Philippines?