Criminal law personal jurisdiction

Personal jurisdiction can generally be waived (contrast this with Subject Matter Jurisdiction, which cannot be waived), so if the party being sued appears in a court without objecting to the court's lack of personal jurisdiction over it, then the court will assume that the defendant is waiving any challenge to personal jurisdiction.

Although the bulk of the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence concerns the constitutionality of courts’ exercise of personal jurisdiction over defendants, the Court has addressed personal jurisdiction over plaintiffs in at least one case.

Personal jurisdiction refers to the power that a court has to make a decision regarding the party being sued in a case.
Before a court can exercise power over a party, the U.S.
Constitution requires that the party has certain minimum contacts with the forum in which the court sits.
International Shoe v Washington, 326 US 310 (1945).

Courts in the United States must have two kinds of jurisdiction to hear a case, personal jurisdiction and subject matter jurisdiction.
Subject matter jurisdiction refers to whether a court can hear a case on a particular subject and is usually pretty clear.