Criminology of place

What is the meaning of criminology of place?
Academic interest in the criminology of a place developed from research suggesting that micro-level variation in crime existed within communities and the attributes of specific places were important in understanding the concentration of crime at particular locations._{Mar 1, 2013}.
What is the meaning of criminology of place?
The Criminology of Place shows how much essential information about crime is inevitably lost when we focus on larger units like neighborhoods or communities..
What is the place theory of crime?
The deviant place theory states that an individual is more likely to become the victim of a crime when exposed to dangerous areas.
In other words, a mugger is more likely to target a person walking alone after dark in a bad neighborhood..
Criminology has several sub-categories: biological (or biocriminology), classical, criminalistics, penological (the specific study of prisons), psychological, and sociological.
Each category examines criminal behavior through a specific lens.
Social Location Theory
Social location theories of criminal behaviour suggests that behaviour is a reflection of where one is located within the social system.
Depending on class position, access to wealth, power and prestige are either achieved through pro-social or antisocial means.

Nov 27, 2018Criminologists have traditionally assumed that crime is “loosely coupled” to place. The idea of loose and tight “coupling” has been used in many

Rating 4.3 (16) $48.99The study of crime has focused primarily on why particular people commit crime or why specific communities have higher crime levels than others.

The Criminology of Place shows how much essential information about crime is inevitably lost when we focus on larger units like neighborhoods or communities.

Does criminology privileged people over place?

From the end of the Second World War to the 1970s, criminology privileged person over place; the key mat- ter to be explained was why crime is committed, and analysis conducted over this period typically rested on an implicit assumption that opportunities for crime are ubiquitous in spatial terms.

Is a social disorganization approach relevant to the Criminology of place?

This also suggests the relevance of an “integrated theoretical approach” (Bernard and Snipes 1996) to the criminology of place.
Both opportunity measures and social disorganization measures provide important information for understanding variation in developmental patterns of crime at place.

Predicting Hot Spots of Crime

Weisburd et al. (2012) were the first to examine the distribution of opportunity and social disorganization factors at the street-segment level over time.
The key question here was whether or not variables in these two perspectives were concentrated at street segments.
That is, are there hot spots of crime opportunities and hot spots of social diso.

Should Criminologists focus more on the 'Criminology of place'?

Criminologists have often neglected the importance of neighbors next door, and more generally the role of the immediate geographic context to crime.
The chapters that follow will argue that the action of crime research and practice should be focused much more on the “criminology of place.” .

Street-By-Street Heterogeneity in Crime

While a number of theoretical approaches in recent decades stress the importance of using small units of geography, it is important to demonstrate empirically that a focus on micro places is relevant to understanding the distribution of crime.
That is, it could be the case that crime hot spots at a micro geographic level are just proxies for larger.

The Tight Coupling of Crime at Place

Criminologists have traditionally assumed that crime is “loosely coupled” to place.
The idea of loose and tight “coupling” has been used in many disciplines to identify the extent to which parts of systems are linked or dependent to one another.
What is meant here by “loose coupling” of crime at places is that criminologists have traditionally not .

What is the Criminology of place?

It can be subsumed broadly under what Lawrence Sherman, Patrick Gartin, and Michael Buerger ( 1989) coined as the “criminology of place.” It pushes us to examine very small geographic areas within cities, often as small as addresses or street segments, for their contribution to the crime problem.