Society family planning

The Family Assistance Plan (FAP) was a welfare program introduced by President Richard Nixon in August 1969, which aimed to implement a negative income tax for households with working parents.
The FAP was influenced by President Lyndon B.
Johnson's War on Poverty program that aimed to expand welfare across all American citizens, especially for working-class Americans.
Nixon intended for the FAP to replace existing welfare programs such as the Aid to Assist Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program as a way to attract conservative voters that were beginning to become wary of welfare while maintaining middle-class constituencies.
The FAP specifically provided aid assistance to working-class Americans, dividing benefits based on age, the number of children, family income, and eligibility.
Initially, the Nixon administration thought the FAP legislation would easily pass through the House of Representatives and the more liberal Senate, as both chambers were controlled by the Democratic Party.
In June 1971, the FAP under the bill H.R. 1 during the 92nd Congress, passed in the House of Representatives.
However, from December 1971 to June 1972 H.R.1 bill that included the FAP underwent scrutiny in the Senate chamber, particularly by the Senate Finance Committee controlled by the conservative Democrats, while the Republicans were also reluctant on passing the program.
Eventually, on October 5 of 1972, a revised version of H.R.1 passed the Senate with a vote of 68-5 that only authorized funding for FAP testing before its implementation.
During House-Senate reconciliation, before Nixon signed the bill on October 15, 1972, the entire provision on FAP was dropped.
The FAP enjoyed broad support from Americans across different regions.
Reception towards the program varied across racial, regional, income, and gender differences.
The FAP is best remembered for beginning the rhetoric against the expansion of welfare that was popular during the New Deal.
It initiated the support for anti-welfare conservative movements that became mainstream in American political discourse during the Reagan era.

FPA was a UK registered charity working to enable people to make informed choices about sex and to enjoy sexual health.
It was the national affiliate for the International Planned Parenthood Federation in the United Kingdom.
It celebrated its 80th anniversary in 2010.
Its motto was Talking sense about sex.
The charity was placed into liquidation on 15 May 2019, but the FPA name continues as a limited company selling sexual health resources.

The Family Planning Association of India is a registered charity in India.
Established in 1949 by Dhanvanthi Rama Rau and Avabai Bomanji Wadia, the organisation has 40 local branches across the country that promote sexual health and family planning.
It is the national affiliate of the International Planned Parenthood Federation.
Among other issues, the organisation promotes reproductive choices, legal and safe abortion, education about sexually transmitted diseases and sexual and reproductive health.
FPA India has 39 permanent clinics under them.
The current national president is Dr.
Rathnamala M.
Desai.
FPA India is a social impact organisation delivering essential health services focusing on sexual and reproductive health in 18 states of India.

Iran had a comprehensive and effective program of family planning since the beginning of the 1990s.
While Iran's population grew at a rate of more than 3% per year between 1956 and 1986, the growth rate began to decline in the late 1980s and early 1990s after the government initiated a major population control program.
By 2007 the growth rate had declined to 0.7 percent per year, with a birth rate of 17 per 1,000 persons and a death rate of 6 per 1,000.
Reports by the UN show birth control policies in Iran to be effective with the country topping the list of greatest fertility decreases.
UN's Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs says that between 1975 and 1980, the total fertility number was 6.5.
The projected level for Iran's 2005 to 2010 birth rate is fewer than two.

Even though there is considerable demand for family planning in Pakistan, the adoption of family planning has been hampered by government neglect, lack of services and misconceptions.
Demographics play a large role in Pakistan's development and security since the change from military rule to civilian leadership.
Challenges to Pakistani's well-being, opportunities for education and employment, and access to health care are escalated due to the country's continuously-growing population.
It was estimated in 2005 that Pakistan's population totaled 151 million; a number which grows 1.9 percent annually, equaling a 2.9 million population growth per year.
Though Pakistan's fertility rates still exceed those of neighboring South Asian countries with a total fertility rate at 4.1 and contraception use is lower than 35 percent, approximately one-fourth of Pakistani women wish to either delay the birth of their next child or end childbearing altogether.

The objective of family planning services in the United States is to provide educational, medical and social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which that target may be achieved.

Natural family planning (NFP) comprises the family planning methods approved by the Catholic Church and some Protestant denominations for both achieving and postponing or avoiding pregnancy.
In accordance with the Church's teachings regarding sexual behavior, NFP excludes the use of other methods of birth control, which it refers to as artificial contraception.