synthesis of esters using acetic anhydride

The balanced equation for acetate ester synthesis [equation 2] shows that the reaction requires the same number of moles of acetic anhydride as of the alcohol used Thus, complete conversion of the starting materials to product requires equimolar amounts of anhydride and alcohol

While stirring, dropwise add 10 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid under a fume hood or snorkel 5 Prepare an apparatus for reflux using a water ‐‑cooled 

Convert the acid to its anhydride 3 For ester synthesis, activate by strong mineral acid and keep free water in short supply The reaction we wish to carry out is 

alcohol and carboxylic acid you will use in the synthesis reaction Provide space 6 Place the test tube in the hot water bath you prepared using a test tube clamp concentrated sulfuric acid for each of the esters in your table (Caution  

Each group will prepare one of the following esters n butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, n Sulfuric acid has traditionally been used as the catalyst for these reactions, but we will be using p toluenesulfonic acid, or "tosic acid" ("TsOH"), instead

Esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids in which the acyl carbon bears an alkoxy When catalyzed by a strong acid, usually sulfuric acid or p toluenesulfonic acid, equilibrium reaction might be increased either by using an excess of one of 

the acyl group from the phenylacetic anhydride to glycerol in mediate of acyl transfer agents is one of the most common and importance reactions for esters synthesis [12] from phenyl acetic acid and some of its aromatic derivatives using