Electric current flows in two ways as an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC).
The main difference between AC and DC lies in the direction in which the electrons flow.
In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, while electrons keep switching directions, going forward and then backwards in AC.
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows only in one direction.
AC circuits are powered by an alternating source such as alternating currents or voltages which are sinusoidal and change periodically in direction and magnitude.
In other words, voltage or current oscillates in a sine wave pattern and varies with time.
The current repeats its value after each time interval T=2π/⍵.
Abstract.
Alternating current, or ac, theory is concerned with the mathematical analysis of the steady-state behaviour of electrical circuits in which the currents and voltages vary periodically with time.
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