properties of aldehydes and ketones lab report


What is the chemistry of aldehydes and ketones?

    The chemistry of aldehydes and ketones is characterized by the versatile reactivity of the carbonyl group. In this experiment, you and a partner will be given an unknown aldehyde and an unknown ketone, and you will determine their identities by performing several chemical reactions. Oxidation by chromic acid

How do you test for the reactivity of aldehyde?

    The solubility of each compound in water and hexane will be tested. The reactivity of each compound with a strong acid (3 M HCl(aq)) and a strong base (3 M NaOH(aq)) will be determined. The aldehyde and two ketones will also be tested using Benedict’s and Tollens’ tests for oxidizability.

What is the leaving group of methyl ketone?

    The methyl ketone undergoes three alpha substitutions with the iodine resulting in an inductively stabilized carbon (CI3) that can act as a leaving group. The protonated leaving group, known as iodoform (HCI3), is a yellow insoluble precipitate.

What happens when ammonia is added to aldehyde?

    Ammonia is added to prevent precipitation of silver oxide. As the aldehyde is oxidized, the silver ion (Ag+) is reduced to silver metal (Ag0). Some aldehydes require several minutes to form a silver mirror. Ketones do not react under these conditions. The conditions are not strong enough to oxidize alcohols.
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