reactivity of haloalkanes


What are haloalkane reactions?

    The reactions of haloalkanes may be divided into the following categories: 1. Nucleophilic substitution 2. Elimination reactions 3. Reaction with metals. (1)Nucleophilic substitution reactions You have learnt in Class XI that nucleophiles are electron rich species.

Are haloalkanes a substrate?

    Haloalkanes are substrate in these reactions. In this type of reaction, a nucleophile reacts with haloalkane (the substrate) having a partial positive charge on the carbon atom bonded to halogen. A substitution reaction takes place and halogen atom, called leaving group departs as halide ion.

Why are Haloarenes less reactive than haloalkanes?

    Thus, C—Cl bond length in haloalkane is 177pm while in haloarene is 169 pm. Since it is difficult to break a shorter bond than a longer bond, therefore, haloarenes are less reactive than haloalkanes towards nucleophilic substitution reaction.

How do tertiary Haloalkanes react with nucleophiles?

    Tertiary haloalkanes alos undergo reaction under similar conditions, but it is found that the concentration of nucleophile does notaffect the rate of the reaction. A strong nucleophile (such as the hydroxide ion) is not necessary. Weak nucleophiles, such as water and alcohol molecules, react readily with tertiary haloalkanes.
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