BARCELONE - Conception

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Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and

Protocols The Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against Pollution (the Barcelona Convention) was adopted on 16 February 1976 and entered into force on 12 February 1978 The Convention was amended by the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean on 10 June 1995

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Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and

GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE For the purposes of this Convention the Mediterranean Sea Area shall mean the maritime waters of the Mediterranean Sea proper including its gulfs and seas bounded to the West by the meridian passing through Cape Spartel lighthouse at the entrance of the Straits of Gibraltar and to the East by the southern limits of the St

Does the 22@BCN plan challenge the Barcelona model?
The " 22@bcn Plan " is one of the highlights of Barcelona's change into a " city of knowledge ". This paper asks whether and how this specific Plan challenges the Barcelona Model. A new space for knowledge and people? Henri Lefebvre, representations of space, and the production of 22@ Barcelona
Is the Barcelona model an original formula?
The Barcelona model: An original formula? From 'reconstruction' to strategic urban projects (1979-2004) The experience of Barcelona from the start of the 1980s up until the end of the 1990s has been widely described in academic and professional media alike. However, it is not easy to find global interpretations from an urban planning perspective.
When did the Barcelona Convention come into force?
The Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against Pollution (the Barcelona Convention) was adopted on 16 February 1976 and entered into force on 12 February 1978. The Convention was amended by the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean on 10 June 1995.
Where can I find updated information on the Barcelona Convention?
Updated information on the Barcelona Convention and its Protocols and related activities can be found on the United Nations Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan (UNEP/MAP) website (www.unepmap.org)

Article 1

GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE For the purposes of this Convention, the Mediterranean Sea Area shall mean the maritime waters of the Mediterranean Sea proper, including its gulfs and seas, bounded to the West by the meridian passing through Cape Spartel lighthouse, at the entrance of the Straits of Gibraltar, and to the East by the southern limits of the St

Article 2

DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Convention: “Pollution” means the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment, including estuaries, which results, or is likely to result, in such deleterious effects as harm to living resources and marine life, hazards to human health, hindrance to marine act

Article 3

GENERAL PROVISIONS The Contracting Parties, when applying this Convention and its related Protocols, shall act in conformity with international law. The Contracting Parties may enter into bilateral or multilateral agreements, including regional or sub-regional agreements for the promotion of sustainable development, the protection of the environme

Article 4

GENERAL OBLIGATIONS The Contracting Parties shall individually or jointly take all appropriate measures in accordance with the provisions of this Convention and those Protocols in force to which they are party to prevent, abate, combat and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the Mediterranean Sea Area and to protect and enhance th

Article 5

POLLUTION CAUSED BY DUMPING FROM SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT OR INCINERATION AT SEA The Contracting Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the Mediterranean Sea Area caused by dumping from ships and aircraft or incineration at sea. wedocs.unep.org

Article 6

POLLUTION FROM SHIPS The Contracting Parties shall take all measures in conformity with international law to prevent, abate, combat and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the Mediterranean Sea Area caused by discharges from ships and to ensure the effective implementation in that Area of the rules which are generally recognized a

Article 7

POLLUTION RESULTING FROM EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF AND THE SEABED AND ITS SUBSOIL The Contracting Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate, combat and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the Mediterranean Sea Area resulting from exploration and exploitation of the continental shelf

Article 8

POLLUTION FROM LAND-BASED SOURCES The Contracting Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate, combat and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the Mediterranean Sea Area and to draw up and implement plans for the reduction and phasing out of substances that are toxic, persistent and liable to bioaccumulate arising

Article 9

COOPERATION IN DEALING WITH POLLUTION EMERGENCIES The Contracting Parties shall cooperate in taking the necessary measures for dealing with pollution emergencies in the Mediterranean Sea Area, whatever the causes of such emergencies, and reducing or eliminating damage resulting therefrom. Any Contracting Party which becomes aware of any pollution e

Article 10

CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY The Contracting Parties shall, individually or jointly, take all appropriate measures to protect and preserve biological diversity, rare or fragile ecosystems, as well as species of wild fauna and flora which are rare, depleted, threatened or endangered and their habitats, in the area to which this Convention ap

Article 11

POLLUTION RESULTING FROM THE TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES AND THEIR DISPOSAL The Contracting Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and to the fullest possible extent eliminate pollution of the environment which can be caused by transboundary movements and disposal of hazardous wastes, and to reduce to a minimu

Article 12

MONITORING The Contracting Parties shall endeavour to establish, in close cooperation with the international bodies which they consider competent, complementary or joint programmes, including, as appropriate, programmes at the bilateral or multilateral levels, for pollution monitoring in the Mediterranean Sea Area and shall endeavour to establish a

Article 13

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION The Contracting Parties undertake as far as possible to cooperate directly, or when appropriate through competent regional or other international organizations, in the fields of science and technology and to exchange data as well as other scientific information for the purpose of this Convention. The Contrac

Article 14

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION The Contracting Parties shall adopt legislation implementing the Convention and the Protocols. The Secretariat may, upon request from a Contracting Party, assist that Party in the drafting of environmental legislation in compliance with the Convention and the Protocols. wedocs.unep.org

Article 15

PUBLIC INFORMATION AND PARTICIPATION The Contracting Parties shall ensure that their competent authorities shall give to the public appropriate access to information on the environmental state in the field of application of the Convention and the Protocols, on activities or measures adversely affecting or likely to affect it and on activities carri

Article 16

LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION The Contracting Parties undertake to cooperate in the formulation and adoption of appropriate rules and procedures for the determination of liability and compensation for damage resulting from pollution of the marine environment in the Mediterranean Sea Area. wedocs.unep.org

Article 19

BUREAU The Bureau of the Contracting Parties shall be composed of representatives of the Contracting Parties elected by the Meetings of the Contracting Parties. In electing the members of the Bureau, the Meetings of the Contracting Parties shall observe the principle of equitable geographical distribution. The functions of the Bureau and the terms

Article 20

OBSERVERS The Contracting Parties may decide to admit as observers at their meetings and conferences: any State which is not a Contracting Party to the Convention; any international governmental organization or any non-governmental organization the activities of which are related to the Convention. Such observers may participate in meetings without

Article 22

AMENDMENT OF THE CONVENTION OR PROTOCOLS Any Contracting Party to this Convention may propose amendments to the Convention. Amendments shall be adopted by a diplomatic conference which shall be convened by the Organization at the request of two thirds of the Contracting Parties. Any Contracting Party to this Convention may propose amendments to any

Article 23

ANNEXES AND AMENDMENTS TO ANNEXES Annexes to this Convention or to any protocol shall form an integral part of the Convention or such protocol, as the case may be. Except as may be otherwise provided in any protocol, the following procedure shall apply to the adoption and entry into force of any amendments to annexes to this Convention or to any pr

Article 25

SPECIAL EXERCISE OF VOTING RIGHT Within the areas of their competence, the European Economic Community and any regional economic grouping referred to in article 30 of this Convention shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States which are Contracting Parties to this Convention and to one or mor

Article 26

REPORTS The Contracting Parties shall transmit to the Organization reports on: the legal, administrative or other measures taken by them for the implementation of this Convention, the Protocols and of the recommendations adopted by their meetings; the effectiveness of the measures referred to in subparagraph (a) and problems encountered in the impl

Article 28

SETTLEMENTS OF DISPUTES In case of a dispute between Contracting Parties as to the interpretation or application of this Convention or the protocols, they shall seek a settlement of the dispute through negotiation or any other peaceful means of their own choice. If the Parties concerned cannot settle their dispute through the means mentioned in the

Article 31

RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE OR APPROVAL This Convention and any protocol thereto shall be subject to ratification, acceptance, or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Government of Spain, which will assume the functions of Depositary. wedocs.unep.org

Article 34

WITHDRAWAL At any time after three years from the date of entry into force of this Convention, any Contracting Party may withdraw from this Convention by giving written notification of withdrawal. Except as may be otherwise provided in any protocol to this Convention, any Contracting Party may, at any time after three years from the date of entry i

Article 1

Unless the Parties to the dispute otherwise agree, the arbitration procedure shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Annex. wedocs.unep.org

Article 3

COMMON CRITERIA FOR THE CHOICE OF PROTECTED MARINE AND COASTAL AREAS THAT COULD BE INCLUDED IN THE SPAMI LIST A. GENERAL PRINCIPLES The Contracting Parties agree that the following general principles will guide their work in establishing the SPAMI List: The conservation of the natural heritage is the basic aim that must characterize a SPAMI. The pu

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