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PDF Comparative evaluation of ATB Fungus 2 and Sensititre

ATB Fungus 2 y SensititreYeastOne son métodos comerciales para el estudio de la sensibilidad in vitro de levaduras a los antifúngicos La concordancia entre estos dos métodos fue evaluada con un total de 133 aislamientos de Candida (60 Candida albicans 18 Candida dubliniensis 29 Candida glabrata y 26 Candida krusei)

  • Does ATB fungus 3 compare with CLSI BMD after 24 h incubation?

    The results obtained with the ATB FUNGUS 3 (both visual and automated readings) were compared with those of CLSI BMD after 24 h incubation.

  • Should azole drug susceptibilities be assessed by ATB?

    The major errors in azole drug susceptibilities by ATB automated readings is a concern in China that can result in misleading clinical antifungal drug selection and pseudo high rates of antifungal resistance. Therefore, the ATB visual reading is generally recommended.

  • Is ATB fungus 3 a good test for Microbiology in developing countries?

    The widely used but problematic ATB FUNGUS 3 with ATB Expression Bacteriology Analyzer automated readings (bioMérieux, La Balme-les Grottes, France) in China and its misleading reported high MICs of Candida spp. to azoles, gave a very good show case to highlight the challenges faced by clinical microbiology labs in developing countries.

  • Do fungistatic azoles cause antifungal tolerance?

    This feature, related to antifungal tolerance, is mostly observed with the fungistatic azoles which incompletely inhibit the growth of some Candida spp. likely due to the activation of the stress response pathways ( Delarze and Sanglard, 2015; Maubon and Morio, 2018 ).

Introduction

The number of invasive fungal infections (IFI) observed in the last decades has risen in line with the continually growing number of immunosuppressed patients (Brown et al., 2012). This has led to an increased use of systemic antifungal drugs recommended to treat these infections including echinocandins, polyenes, triazoles and flucytosine. In addi

Conventional AFST Methods

Current AFST methods determine the susceptibility of a given fungal strain (in a pure culture) to a given antifungal drug. All of these methods are phenotypic, evaluating growth inhibition at defined concentrations of the drug in liquid or solid media. Most of them are quantitative as they measure the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), that is

Innovative AFST Methods Already Developed Or Under Development

Tests Based on MALDI-TOF Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) consists in analyzing proteins of a sample after ionization and laser irradiation. Ionized particles are separated according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio and detected in a TOF analyzer, resulting in a mass spectrum in which each detected peak corresponds to a protein/peptide (mostly ribosomal or a component of the cell wall). In the microbiological field, the resulting spectrum displays a spec

Discussion: Are Innovative Methods Better?

Slow growth and the trailing effect are the main problems of current AFST methods that are dependent on growth inhibition evaluation (i.e. EUCAST and CLSI reference methods in liquid or solid media, commercially available methods such as Sensititre™, Vitek 2, ATB fungus, Neo-Sensitabs™, Etest® and Liofilchem®). Therefore, AFST may be significantly

Conclusion

All current and innovative methods described above have some advantages and limitations, and none is perfect. The ideal AFST method needs to be fast, ideally less than 8h, to give results in a single working shift, so that the treatment may be adapted during the day. In addition, it needs to be culture independent, quantitative, functional in mixed

Author Contributions

All authors listed have made a substantial, direct, and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. frontiersin.org

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. frontiersin.org

Publisher’S Note

All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. frontiersin.org

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