stopping communism in western europe cold war
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The Marshall Plan for Rebuilding Western Europe
The other was communist After liberation from the Nazis the communists refused to join a new government and Rebelled against the monarchy British troops put |
In 1947, President Harry S.
Truman pledged that the United States would help any nation resist communism in order to prevent its spread.
His policy of containment is known as the Truman Doctrine.
How was the Marshall Plan able to stop the spread of communism into Western Europe?
European Recovery Program assistance is said to have contributed to more positive morale in Europe and to political and economic stability, which helped diminish the strength of domestic communist parties.
The U.S. political and economic role in Europe was enhanced and U.S. trade with Europe boosted.
Was the Cold War about stopping communism?
The Cold War was a conflict where the U.S. and USSR never directly fought, but supported opposing sides in proxy wars.
The U.S. feared communism spreading, while the USSR aimed for security.
This led to a long, indirect battle between capitalism and communism.
How did they stop communism in Western Europe?
Congress responded to Marshall's proposal by authorizing the European Recovery Program, better known as the Marshall Plan.
An investment of about $13 billion in Europe during the next few years resulted in the extraordinarily rapid and durable reconstruction of a democratic Western Europe.
Overview
Read about the US's early attempts to contain communism through economic and military aid. khanacademy.org
The Truman Doctrine
The world was in flux in the aftermath of World War II, and political upheaval reigned in many countries. Already wary of communism thanks to George Kennan's Long Telegram, the US government was dismayed when a number of countries in Europe and Asia adopted communist governments in the late 1940s. When the United Kingdom notified the United States that it could no longer afford to fight communist insurgencies in Greece and Turkey, US President Harry S. Truman issued what would become known as the Truman Doctrine: a promise that the United States would do whatever was necessary both economically and militarily to contain the spread of communism around the world. With this step, the United States signaled that its role on the world stage would not conclude after World War II, ending a century and a half of isolationist foreign policy in America. During Truman's presidency, the Truman Doctrine would result in another conflict in Asia, this time in Korea, as the US government attempted to prevent the unification of Korea under a communist government. Truman's policy would continue to drive American interventions through the 1980s.1 khanacademy.org
The Marshall Plan
One of the most pressing problems in the immediate aftermath of World War II was the reconstruction of Europe. The war left a swath of destruction that crippled infrastructure and led to massive food shortages in the winter of 1946-1947. The US government feared that a hungry, devastated Europe might turn to communism (as China would do in 1949). To stabilize the European economy, US Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposed a plan to provide Europe with $13 billion in economic aid. khanacademy.org
What do you think?
Why did the United States end its long history of isolationism after World War II? Would it have been possible for the US to return to an isolationist foreign policy? What were the benefits and potential pitfalls of Truman's offer to support any country trying to resist communism? Which was more successful in combatting the spread of communism: economic aid or military force? [Notes and attributions] khanacademy.org
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