conjecture pronunciation PDF Cours,Exercices ,Examens
A Practical Course in British English Pronunciation FREE The
Every chapter is split into the following sections: Sounds: how to pronounce vowels and consonants Sound Comparison: focus on difficult sounds that are often confusing Spelling & Sound: how to turn written English into speech Structure: how English joins together and the weak/strong structure |
McGill French Language Centre FRSL 104 Corrective French
Copying or submitting any academic work that has been produced by another student or another person (all or in part) Allowing another student or any another person to provide answers or correct your work Allowing a resource person (native speaker language teacher monitor tutor advanced student) to produce |
Pronunciation Practice Activities
Aims Organisation What is pronunciation? Key issues in pronunciation teaching and learning Activities |
What is the conjecture?
The Conjecture was part of the 18th problem in the list produced by David Hilbert in 1900, with the 23 most challenging open mathematical problems of that time. It was stated in 1611 by the german mathematician Johannes Kepler, and many attempts to prove it occurred during the next centuries.
How do you teach English pronunciation?
Focus on a few of the names and ask students to observe what is different about the first-language pronunciation and the English pronunciation. Box 5 gives some examples involving equivalent names, but you could do a similar activity for names with no equivalent or chosen English names, too. The /e / vowel is different.
Why is pronunciation important in the early stages of a course?
In the early stages of a course, it is useful to encourage students to think about their current English pronunciation and particular problems; how important English pronunciation is to them, and how its importance might vary in different contexts; and what their pronunciation targets are.
Introduction
Aims Organisation What is pronunciation? Key issues in pronunciation teaching and learning Activities assets.cambridge.org
Procedure
Give a copy of the handout to each student and ask them to look at the section on vowels. Present the examples in 1. Say the words and explain that vowel sounds are underlined. Students do the exercise in 2 and check the answers. Give students some time to think about the question in 3. They should talk about their answers to a partner or other stu
Vowels
Examples: job give good car Underline the vowel sounds in these words: fall learn way road Does your language have the same vowel sounds? Give example words: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consonants
Examples: my top work this Underline the consonant sounds in these words: shoe rob good leave Does your language have the same consonant sounds? Give example words: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Word stress
Examples: traffic about terrible tomorrow Underline the stressed syllable in these words: banana teacher engineer alone chemistry Does your language have words with the same stress pattern? conversation Give example words: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure
Give a copy of the handout to each student and give them some time to complete it. (This might be best done as a homework activity.) Point out that the person they think of in C doesn’t have to be a native English speaker. It could be, for example, someone who shares their first language, who they have heard speaking English. Students report back t
Procedure
Display the chart in Box 3. Point to /i:/ and say the word mea few times, elongating the vowel. Explain the chart by saying that when we say this vowel the tongue is ‘high’ in the mouth, nearly touching the roof of the mouth; that the tongue is pushed towards the ‘front’ of the mouth; and the lips are spread and less forward. Ask students to say th
N æ :
T : A A : C K Lips spread and less forward Lips rounded and slightly forward LOW assets.cambridge.org
1.4 Consonant clusters: English and first-language differences
The possible consonant clusters at the beginnings of words varies from language to language. This exercise builds awareness of what is possible in English and how this may be different from what is possible in the student’s first language. Focus Level Time Comparing consonant clusters in English and students’ first language Elementary+ assets.cambridge.org
Procedure
Write a list of consonant clusters (comprising two or three consonant sounds) on the board. You could write these either as letters or using phonetic symbols. These should be a random mixture of possible and impossible combinations for the beginning of English words. (See Appendix 3 for possible combinations.) For example: possible: pl-, fr-, tr-,
Extension
If you find clusters that are possible in English but not in a student’s first language, it may well be that these will cause them pronunciation difficulties. Use this activity as a diagnostic exercise to identify clusters that may need attention. assets.cambridge.org
Procedure
In the class, play the first utterance a couple of times and ask students as a group and then individually to repeat, trying to say it in exactly the same way. Then ask ‘What words did you say?’ and write these on the board. Ask students to say how the pronunciation on the recording differs from the pronunciation of the words said slowly and carefu
Extension
Repeat the activity using short sections of recordings you use for other purposes (e.g. in teaching listening or as model dialogues), to develop awareness of changes in pronunciation in connected speech. assets.cambridge.org
1.6 Sounding English
The aim of this activity is to get students thinking about how other non-native speakers pronounce English and what pronunciations students value highly. If appropriate, you could make this more explicit at the end of the activity by asking why they have chosen particular students as having ‘better’ English pronunciation. What is it about these stu
1.7 Pronouncing names in English
This activity is intended to raise awareness of pronunciation differences between English and students’ first language by focusing on the students’ first names. Focus Level Time Pronouncing first names in English Elementary+ assets.cambridge.org
Procedure
Your students may: have names with an equivalent used in English-speaking countries (i.e. with the same or nearly the same spelling, but different pronunciation); examples of names used in both English-speaking and other countries include David, Laura, Peter, Robert, Elizabeth and Martin have names with no equivalent in English-speaking countries h
1.8 Pronouncing places, products and planets
The aim of this activity is to compare names (of cities, products, geographical features, etc.) that are often pronounced similarly (and are often written in the same or a similar way) in a number of languages. By comparing the usual (British) English pronunciation with the pronunciation in the students’ language(s), more general differences in pro
Procedure
Students work in pairs or groups. In a multilingual class, try to have different first-language students working together. Point to the list on the board/OHT. Ask students to write down how each of the words are written in their first language and to note any differences. Tell students to focus on those words that are written similarly or in the sa
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What are the key features of pronunciation?
- 1.1 Introducing features of pronunciation This activity introduces some key terms (vowel, consonant, consonant clusters, word stress and intonation) and gets students thinking about differences between pronunciation in English and their ・〉st language. FocusKey pronunciation terms
What is the meaning of conjecture?
- Definition of conjecture (Entry 2 of 2) transitive verb. 1 : to arrive at or deduce by surmise or guesswork : guess scientists conjecturing that a disease is caused by a defective gene. 2 : to make conjectures as to conjecture the meaning of a statement. intransitive verb. : to form conjectures. Other Words from conjecture Synonyms Did You Know?
What are the essential pronunciation features of connected speech?
- Rhythm of Sentences Intonation Connected Speech Review Practice & Feedback Presentations Resources & Evaluation 2 Essential Pronunciation Features 1. Sounds Consonants & Vowels 2. Speech chunks Chunking & Pausing 3. Stress Word stress & Sentence stress 4. Intonation Pitch level & Direction 5. Connected speech Unstressed words and Linking 6.
What is the best book on pronunciation practice activities?
- Pronunciation practice activities , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 58 Linking: Vowel and Vowel – when 2 vowels are together often a /w/, /j/ or /r/ sound is inserted. Hewings, M. 2004, Pronunciation practice activities , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 59 Hewings, M. 2004, Pronunciation practice activities
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