arabic language
اللغة العربية عضو في عائلة اللغات السامية، وهي على وجه التحديد لغة سامية شمالية، تظهر أقدم قصة مثبتة على وجودها في النقوش المسمارية الآشورية التي تعود للقرن التاسع قبل الميلاد. تشمل اللغات السامية الأخرى الأكادية في الشمال، والعبرية والآرامية والسريانية في الشرق والغرب والحبشة في الجنوب.
سميت اللغة العربية بـ "لغة الضاد" نظراً لكونها اللغة الوحيدة التي تحتوي على حرف "الضاد"، بالإضافة إلى أنّ العرب هم أفصح من نطقوا هذا الحرف فمن المعروف أنّ حرف الضاد يعتبر من أصعب الحروف نطقاً عند غير العرب، كما أن بعض المتكلمين بغير العربية يعجزون عن إيجاد صوت بديل له في لغاتهم.
هناك ما يصل إلى 420 مليون شخص حول العالم يتحدثون العربية وهي تنتمي إلى مجموعة اللغات "السامية" وترتبط ارتباطا وثيقا بالعبرية والآرامية، وبحلول القرن الثامن الميلادي، بدأت اللغة العربية تنتشر في جميع أنحاء الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا مع تحول الكثير من الناس إلى الإسلام، وكلهم يستخدمون العربية على الأقل في الصلاة.
يعود أقدم دليل على اللغة العربية إلى القرن التاسع قبل الميلاد، وهي لأسماء أشخاص في النقوش المسمارية الآشورية. تم توثيق التنوع اللهجي للغة العربية القديمة بشكل جيد من خلال تلك النقوش. يوثق نقش يعود تاريخه إلى سنة 328 م باللغة العربية وبخط نبطي متفرع من الآرامية. في القرن الرابع ق.
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ALUE: Arabic Language Understanding Evaluation
Proceedings of the Sixth Arabic Natural Language Processing Workshop pages 173–184. Kyiv |
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