aldehydes and ketones jee notes pdf

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ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

(a) Aldehydes : Aldehyde group is C H O (also known as formyl group) It is a monovalent group (b) Ketones : The carbonyl group (C O) is a Ketonic group when its both the valencies are satisfied by alkyl group It is a bivalent group Ketones are further classified as : (i) Simple or Symmetrical ketones : Having two similar alkyl groups C O R R

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What is a carbonyl group in aldehydes & ketones?
The organic compounds having C=O bonds are known as the carbonyl group. Aldehydes and ketones are the subclasses of this group. In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is attached to either two oxygen atoms or one hydrogen atom and one carbon-containing group.
Are ketones and aldehydes polar or polar?
The ketones and the aldehyde are more polar and higher-boiling than the ether and the alkane, but lower boiling than the hydrogen-bonded alcohol. The melting points, boiling points, and water solubilities of some representative ketones and aldehydes.
What is the difference between aldehydes and ketones?
Aldehydes are the compounds which have general formula RCHO, Ketones are compounds having general formula RR’CO. The groups R and R¢ may be aliphatic or aromatic, similar or different alkyl groups. Both aldehydes and ketones contain the carbonyl group, >C = O, and are often referred to collectively as carbonyl compounds.

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