android application development lecture notes pdf


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PDF Android Application Development

Get you an idea of how to start developing Android applications Introduce major Android application concepts Walk you through a sample application in the development environment

  • Which application is using Android framework?

    All applications such as home, contact, settings, games, browsers are using android framework that uses android runtime and libraries. Android runtime and native libraries are using linux kernel. Any applications that you write are located at this layer.

  • What skills do you need to develop Android apps?

    These notes cover the tools, programming languages, and architectures needed to develop applications for the Android platform. This course expects you to have “journeyman”-level skills in Java (apprenticeship done, not yet master).

  • What are Android development notes?

    The goal of these notes is to provide learning materials for students in the course or anyone else who wishes to learn the basics of developing Android applications. These notes cover the tools, programming languages, and architectures needed to develop applications for the Android platform.

  • What software do you need to develop Android apps?

    Software needed to develop Android applications includes: The Java 7 SDK (not just the JRE!) This is because you’re writing Java code! Gradle or Apache ANT. These are automated build tools —in effect, they let you specify a single command that will do a bunch of steps at once (e.g., compile files, dex files, move files, etc).

Goal

Get you an idea of how to start developing Android applications Introduce major Android application concepts Walk you through a sample application in the development environment arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Agenda

System architecture Hello World Application components Practical matters Toolchain arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

The History of GUIs

Hardcoded to the screen Hardcoded to the window Hardcoded within a view hierarchy Dynamic layout within a view hierarchy arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Generating GUIs

Two ways to create GUIs: in XML or in code Declarative route via XML has advantages A lot of your GUI-related work will take place in: res/layout res/values @id/name_for_component gives you handle for referencing XML declarations in code arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Views

Views are building blocks Examples: Can be as basic as: TextView, EditText, or ListView Fancier views: ImageView, MapView, WebView arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Layouts

Controls how Views are laid out FrameLayout : each child a layer LinearLayout : single row or column RelativeLayout : relative to other Views TableLayout : rows and columns AbsoluteLayout : coordinates arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Layout Parameters

Specify many aspects of what’s being rendered Examples: android:layout_height android:layout_width Tip: start with documentation for a specific View or Layout and then look at what’s inherited from parent class Application Components arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Activities

Typically correspond to one screen in a UI But, they can: be faceless be in a floating window return a value arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Intents

Think of Intents as a verb and object; a description of what you want done Examples: VIEW, CALL, PLAY, etc. System matches Intent with Activity that can best provide that service Activities and BroadcastReceivers describe what Intents they can service in their IntentFilters (via AndroidManifest.xml) Intents arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

BroadcastReceivers

Components designed to respond to broadcast Intents Think of them as a way to respond to external notifications or alarms Applications can invent and broadcast their own Intents as well arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Services

Faceless components that run in the background Example: music player, network downlaod, etc. Bind your code to a running service via a remote-able interface defined in an IDL Can run in your own process or separate process arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

ContentProviders

Enables sharing of data across applications Examples: address book, photo gallery, etc. Provides uniform APIs for: querying (returns a Cursor) delete, update, and insert rows Content is represented by URI and MIME type Practical matters arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Storage and Persistence

A couple of different options: Preferences Flat file SQLite ContentProvider arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Packaging

Think of .apk files as Android packages Everything needed for an application is bundled up therein Basically a glorified ZIP file arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Resources

res/layout: declarative layout files res/drawable: intended for drawing res/anim: bitmaps, animations for transitions res/values: externalized values for things like strings, colors, styles, etc. res/xml: general XML files used at runtime res/raw: binary files (e.g. sound) arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Assets

Similar to Resources Differences: Read-only InputStream access to assets Any kind of file Be mindful of file sizes arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Application Lifecycle

Application lifecycle is managed by the system Application start/stop is transparent to the user End-user only sees that they are moving between screens Read documentation for android.app.Activity Toolchain arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Emulator

QEMU-based ARM emulator runs same system image as a device Use same toolchain to work with devices or emulator arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

Debugging

Call stack Breakpoints, single stepping Examine variables Eclipse demo Q & A arcb.csc.ncsu.edu

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