causes of african migration to europe


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PDF Getting to the root causes of migration in West Africa

Under pressure from opportunistic xenophobic political configurations the EU is reacting by seeking to block the unwanted flow of African migrants in their home 

PDF African Migration to Europe

There are well founded reasons to belief that this tendency will acceler- ate as Sub-Saharan Africa has probably a higher potential for immigration into the EU 

  • What are the key migration routes from Africa to Europe?

    Two main routes were distinguished according to destination in Europe: the “Western Mediterranean Route” for Spain and the “Central Mediterranean Route” (CMR) for Italy or Malta.
    Download the Introduction.

  • Why did Europeans go to Africa?

    The purpose of the exploration: to expand European geographic knowledge, to find the source of prized African gold, and to locate a possible sea route to valuable Asian spices.
    In 1441, for the first time, Portuguese sailors obtained gold dust from traders on the western coast of Africa.

  • Why do people from North Africa migrate to Southern Europe? Economic opportunities, older European populations, and unemployment in Africa are pull factors, low wages, and conflicts, political instability like the Arab Spring are push factors.
    What problems do migrants have?

  • What are the main causes of migration in Europe?

    People migrate for many reasons, ranging from security, demography and human rights to poverty and climate change.
    Find out more.
    The total number of non-EU citizens residing within the EU as of 1 January 2021 was 23.7 million, according to Eurostat, the EU's statistical office.

  • In particular, rising political persecution, human rights violations, ethnic tensions, political instability, and civil conflicts in African source countries are all significantly associated with increased migration flows into European destination countries.
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