chemical test to distinguish between ethanal and propanal

What chemical reaction distinguishes between ethanal and propanal?
Ethanal and propanal can be distinguished by Iodoform test.
Ethanal gives a yellow precipitate of iodoform with an alkaline solution of NaOH.
Propanal does not gives this test.
Therefore, benzaldehyde do not respond to fehlings test, whereas propanal gives positive fehlings test.

How can you distinguish between propanal and propanol?

Propanol is an alcohol whereas propanal is an aldehyde.
Propanal gives positive Tollen's test whereas propanol does not respond to this test.

How can you distinguish the test between propanal and ethanol?

(i) Ethanol and propan-2-ol : Lucas Test – With concentrated HCl + ZnCl₂ ethanol no turbidity is formed.
Turbidity appears within five minutes in propan-2-ol.

Iodoform test – Methyl ketones give a positive iodoform test. Ethanal has one methyl group linked to the carbonyl carbon atom and therefore, responds to this test. Propanal does not respond to this test. Propanal being an aldehyde reduces Fehling's solution to form a red-brown precipitate of cuprous oxide.

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PDF	NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 12 - Aldehydes Question 12.13: Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs (vii) Ethanal and propanal can be distinguished by iodoform test.

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PDF	DOE PREBOARD SAMPLE PAPER 2021 (b) Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (i) Benzaldehyde and Benzoic acid (ii) Propanal and Propanone.

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