chemical test for alcohol and carboxylic acid

PDF	AQA Chemistry A-level AQA Chemistry A-level Required Practical 6 Tests for alcohol aldehyde alkene and carboxylic acid Test for a carboxylic acid: sodium carbonate 1 Place

What is the chemical test for alcohol?
Iodoform.
This test is conducted with secondary alcohols, acetaldehyde, and ketones.
The compound is heated in the presence of a sodium hydroxide solution and iodine.
The presence of alcohol is shown by the formation of a yellow iodoform precipitate.
What is the chemical test to identify carboxylic acid?
(a) Litmus Test:
Add a drop of given organic compound on blue litmus paper.Observe the colour change in blue litmus paper.If the colour of blue litmus changes to red the presence of carboxylic acid.
What happens when alcohol reacts with carboxylic acid?
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to form esters.
Add a pinch of sodium bicarbonate to both alcohol and carboxylic acid.
If brisk effervescence with evolution of colourless, tasteless gas is evolved, then it is carboxylic acid and if no change is observed then alcohol.

Therefore, Carboxylic acid and Alcohol can be distinguished by using Sodium bicarbonate as, Carboxylic acid produces a brisk effervesce when reacted with it, whereas Alcohols do not produce anything when reacted with Sodium bicarbonate. Q.

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Identifying an Unknown Compound by Solubility, Functional Group

Small, polar organic compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines, carboxylic acids, and a few phenols are soluble in water Water-soluble compounds are tested with pH paper to see if they are acidic or basic A pH of 4 or lower indicates a carboxylic acid A pH of 8 or higher indicates an amine

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