electric car sharing business model
Can the government subsidize the electric car sharing industry?
In our novel model, the government can also subsidize the electric car sharing industry by another way, i.e.,sharing the joint venture. Inspired by [ 3 ], we form our business model into a game system, which contains a joint venture and the competitive operators.
What is the difference between electric car sharing and bicycle sharing?
But compared with the bicycle sharing industry, the electric car sharing industry has ahigher threshold. The operators need to invest a lot of money to produce or purchase, maintain vehicles, which makes them have a higher investment risk.
What is a joint venture for electric car sharing?
Facing above opportunities and challenges, we present a novel business model for the electric car sharing market by establishing a joint venture. The joint venture isshared by all operators and responsible for producing and renting the cars to operators.
System Model
In this paper, we consider a market with a set \\(N=\\{1,\\cdots ,n\\}\\) of shared car operators. They compete at the end user market for further profit. These noperators invest to set up a joint venture together, which is specialized in designing, producing and maintaining the shared electric cars. Operators rent electric cars supplied by the joint ve
User Scale Model
Since the electric car sharing market is an emerging market, people are not familiar with it currently and the user scale of the whole market will change over time. Therefore, we assume this change is similar to the one in the bicycle sharing market. Figure 1(a) shows how the number of users of different participants in the bicycle sharing industry
Demand Model
Since the demand of each operator i is closely related to the number of the users belonging to operator i, we first propose a function to describe the number of operator i’s users in the r-th round, denoted by \\(U_i^r\\). Here \\(U_i^r\\)contains two parts: one is the number of existing users who could flow among all operators in the previous round; t
Profit Model
In this subsection, we will propose the profit model of the joint venture and the operators in our business model. For the joint venture, it produces the shared electric cars, rents them to all operators at a same unit price p and keep the routine maintenance. The unit cost is denoted by c, including the production cost, parking cost, maintenance c
Game Model
As noted earlier, we discretize the time into infinite rounds. In each round, the interaction between the joint venture and the operators is modeled as a two-stage Stackelberg game. In brief, the leader (i.e., the joint venture) moves first and then the followers (i.e., all operators) moves sequentially. Specifically, we formulate the optimization
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