modular arithmetic in cryptography


  • What is modular arithmetic in cryptography?

    Modular arithmetic is a key ingredient of many public key crypto-systems. It provides finite structures (called “rings”) which have all the usual arithmetic operations of the integers and which can be implemented without difficulty using existing computer hardware.
  • Why is modular arithmetic important for modern cryptography?

    One major reason is that modular arithmetic allows us to easily create groups, rings and fields which are fundamental building blocks of most modern public-key cryptosystems. For example, Diffie-Hellman uses the multiplicative group of integers modulo a prime p.
  • What is the difference between modular arithmetic and ordinary arithmetic in cryptography?

    Definition. Modular arithmetic is almost the same as the usual arithmetic of whole numbers. The main difference is that operations involve remainders after division by a specified number (the modulus) rather than the integers themselves.
  • Shift Ciphers work by using the modulo operator to encrypt and decrypt messages. The Shift Cipher has a key K, which is an integer from 0 to 25.
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