hexanedioic acid adipic acid HO2CCH2CH2CH2CH2CO2H Reactions of carboxylic acids and their derivatives (acyl halides, anhydrides, esters, amides)
carboxylic der rxn
The reactivity of acid derivatives can be correlated to the leaving group ability of the base that is expelled The better the leaving group, the more reactive will be the acid derivative Not surprising that acid chloride are the most reactive derivatives
chapter acid derivatives
ester amide acid chloride acid anhydride
Ch
acid ester amide acid chloride acid anhydride thioester acyl phosphate Increasing reactivity Relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives: The mechanism
Chapter
Different carboxylic acid derivatives have very different reactivities, acyl chlorides and bromides being the most reactive and amides the least reactive, as noted in
Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives I
Definition: A carboxylic acid derivative undergoes hydrolysis (bond breaking with water) The same reactivity order is found for acid derivatives in all reactions
derivativesS
carboxylic acids, are named by alphabetizing the names for both acids and replacing the word acid with the word anhydride Nomenclature—Anhydrides Page 9
Ch CA Deriv VIEW
14 2 What Are the Characteristic Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives? The most common reaction theme of acid halides, anhydrides, esters, and amides is
Chap Ester Amide