On the other hand, a long-term primary deficit in the public budget is pos- sible only if real GDP growth outpaces the real interest rate The jury is still out on how
Akad Bericht Staatsschulden EN
This is largely the result of a secular expansion of government spending—in particular, mandatory spending programs such as Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid (as discussed in Blahous 2013)—with tax revenue not rising as rapidly
JEP
Given their prevalence, an important question concerns the optimal structure of fiscal rules, as well as the practical challenges to their implementation In the final
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result of the sudden increase in interest rates, the United States' economy One of the primary reasons for poverty in developing countries is the narrow base
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The primary cause of increases in the U S debt-output ratio has been wars: The War of 1812, the Civil War, World War I, and World War II all produced noticeable upswings in federal indebtedness The Great Depression and the 1980s are only two peacetime intervals when this ratio increased significantly
govdebt
This article discusses the three major issues of budget deficits and debt— burdens, causes, and solutions-- from the creation of the US federal government
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all shared the same fate: they ended with financial crises and major output losses Introduction Total (domestic and external) debt of public and private non-
Debt Chapter
What were the main features of national episodes of rapid debt accumulation? • What are the empirical links between debt accumulation and financial crises?
Debt Chapter
The change in the public debt ratio and the primary budget balance prove with somewhat controversial results, depending on factors such as the time span
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But government debt is different in some important ways First, about half of What is the difference between the deficit and the national debt? How are they
Principles e Ch
The deficit ratio and the gov- ernment debt-to GDP ratio both of which have GDP in the denominator
WHAT ARE THE KEY CAUSES? The key burdens on the budget contributing to rising debt levels are: •. Rising government remuneration costs: the main cause of
government debt accumulation to finance increased spending (World Bank Elevated debt in major EMDEs including China
Across advanced economies the reduction in fertility rates and the extension of life spans have increased the elderly population
debt securities) held by the domestic financial sector2 . While insurance companies and pension funds have long been important credit providers
of Italy's sizeable government debt and we shed some light on the drivers affecting its evolution. The main causes of this debt resurgence.
tax grants and national debt services account for approximately The main causes behind an increase in government general bonds outstanding after FY1990 ...
In this context the holdings structure of government debt becomes important. Knowing who are the ultimate holders of Italian public debt is crucial for
Government debt: causes effects and limits