8 1 Solutions of Acids or Bases Containing a Common Ion ❑ 8 2 Buffered Solutions ❑ 8 4 Buffer Capacity ❑ 8 5 Titrations and pH Curves ❑ 8 6
equilibrium
(1-5) However, these applications mostly rely on the offline interpretation of titration curves and can thus not be considered “sensors” Sensors making use of pH
pvr
It is illustrated that the application of automatically built buffer capacity models mostly results in similar or better estimations of ammonium and ortho-phosphate in
pvr
rizing introduction in aquatic chemistry topics related to pH buffer capacity The application of such approach in a buffer capacity based sensor in the field
RUG AC
inside this chamber If a small perturbation of titrant is coulometrically generated by applying an alternating current to the porous actuator, the associated pH
The buffer concept • Buffer capacity • The pH value • The pKa value Determination of the optimum buffer concentration • Application-dependent choice of
Biological+Buffers
application depends on many factors, the first of which is the pKa value of buffers such as phosphate or Tris in pH regions where they had little buffer capacity
For this reason, buffer solutions are used in a wide range of chemical applications, primarily as reagents that allow to maintain a constant pH value (in the
pH buffers