Loading...
[PDF] 2019 ACVP Certifying Examination in Clinical Pathology
15 août 2019 · Short practice test on examination day to 10 - 20 bone marrow (cytology or histology) Glass Slides - Cytology Histology
[PDF] HISTOLOGY, CYTOLOGY, AND EMBRYOLOGY: TESTS WITH
TESTS WITH ANSWERS The blood cells primarily responsible for cell-mediated immunity are as follows: E – serve for the blood passage during exercise
[PDF] BLOOD SMEAR BASICS - NC State Veterinary Medicine
examination of a well prepared, well stained blood smear remains the cornerstone of veterinary diagnostic hematology Even the most sophisticated hematology
[PDF] Oral Histology (16 questions): Developmental Biology (11 questions)
Basic Histology (23 questions): Ultrastructure (cell organelles) - 4 questions Basic tissues - 4 questions Bone, cartilage joints - 3 questions
[PDF] Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2021 October DWE Adult
This document contains the questions and answers from the DWE Adult Medicine Practice found to have abnormal kidney function on a routine blood test
[PDF] Step 1 - usmle
ITEMS 81 - 119 · Introduction to USMLE Step 1 Sample Test Questions 20/min, and blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg Cardiac examination shows a grade 3/6
![[PDF] Oral Histology (16 questions): Developmental Biology (11 questions)](https://pdfprof.com/EN_PDFV2/Docs/PDF_7/34641_7HistoBoards.pdf.jpg "[PDF] Oral Histology (16 questions): Developmental Biology (11 questions)")
34641_7HistoBoards.pdf Board Question
Breakdown (Anatomic Sciences section)The Ana
tomic Sciences portion of part I of the Dental Board exams consists of 100 test items.They are broken up into th
e following distribution:Gross A natomy (50 questions):Head - 28 questions
broken down in this fashion:- Oral cavity - 6 questions - Extrao ral structures - 12 questions - Osteology - 6 questions - TMJ and muscles of mastication - 4 questionsNeck - 5 questions
Upper Limb - 3 questions
Thoracic cavity - 5 questions
Abdomin
opelvic cavity - 2 questions Neur oanatomy (CNS, ANS +) - 7 questionsBasic Histology (23 questions): Ultra structure (cell organelles) - 4 questionsBasic ti ssues - 4 questionsBone, c
artilage & joints - 3 questionsLymphatic
& circulatory systems - 3 questionsEndocrine system - 2 questions
Respiratory system - 1 question
Gastrointestinal system - 3 questions
Genitouir
inary systems - (reproductiv e & urinary) 2 questionsIntegument - 1 questionOral Histology (16 questions):
Tooth & suppor
ting structures - 9 questionsSoft ora
l tissues (including dentin) - 5 questionsTemporomandibular joint - 2 questionsDevelopm
ental Biology (11 questions):Osteogenes
is (bone form ation) - 2 questionsTooth development, eruption & m ovement - 4 questionsGeneral embryology - 2 questions 2National Board Part 1: Review ques
tions for histology/oral histology(Answer s follow at the end)1. Normally most of the circulatin g white blood cells are a. baso philic leukocytesb. mo nocytesc. lym phocytesd. eos inophilic leukocytese. neutr ophilic leukocytes2. Blood platelets are pr
oducts of a. osteoclasts b. basophils c. red blood cells d. plasma cells e. meg akaryocytes3. Bacteria are frequently in
gested by a. neutr ophilic leukocytesb. bas ophilic leukocytesc. mast cells d. sm all lymphocytese. fibr ocytes4. It is believed that w
orn out red cells are normally destroyed in the spleen by a. neutrophils b. mac rophagesc. meg akaryocytesd. mo nocytese. mast cells5. Which o
f the following does not exhibit phagocytic properties? a. mon ocytesb. basophils c. platelets d. eosinophils e. PMN's (PMLs) 36. The circulating white blo
od cells which are fewest in number are the a. mon ocytesb. neutrophils c. basophils d. lym phocytese. eosinophils7. Myelopoiesis
refers to the formation of a. eryt hrocytes, granulocytes and agranulocytesb. erythrocytes onlyc. mononuclear cells onlyd. bot h erythrocytes and granulocytese. neutrophilic leukocytes only8. The largest cell typically pr
esent in bone marrow is thea. megakaryocyte b. fixed reticular cell c. myelo blastd. proery throblaste. reticulocyte9. Long bone gro
ws in length as a result of a. removal of calcified car tilageb. endochondral depos ition of bone tissuec. interstitial gro wth of cartilage tissued. appositional depos ition of bone tissuee. interstitial gro wth of bone tissue10. Which one of
the following tissues is reduced in amount during the termination of thegrowth of an in dividual? a. fibrocartilage b. elastic cartilage c. lamellar bone d. cancellous bone e. hyaline cartilage11. Sharpey'
s fibers represent a. the innervation of the bo ne tissueb. periosteal fibers c. sharp sp ines of the stratum spinosum cellsd. collagen(ic) fibers attaching tendons and ligaments to bonee. collag en(ic) fibers binding lamellae together 4 12. W hich of the following would be least evident during adolescence? a. lamellar bone b. parallel-fibered b onec. primary v ascular canalsd. secondary vas cular canalse. woven bone13. The oldest lam
ella of a Haversian system (osteon) is a. the most per ipheral lamellab. not calcifiedc. the most centr al lamellad. adjacent to endosteum e. adjacent to periosteum14. In a slide s
howing spongy bone formed solely by intramembranous ossification, all of thefollowing featur es may be found upon microscopic examination except a. non-lamellar bo neb. osteoclasts c. lamellar bone d. calcified cartilage e. periosteum15. Deminer
alized bone consists chiefly of a. sial ic acid and other mucopolysaccharidesb. osteoid c. amorphous hydroxyapatited. canali culi and lacunaee. collag en16. Th e formation of bone in the absence of a pre-existing cartilage framework is called a. nonl amellarb. lam ellarc. intramemb ranousd. intercartilaginous e. endoc hondral 517. Which
one of the following is a correct statement concerning Haversian systems(osteons)? a. are found in fetal s keletonsb. are found in s pongy bonec. develop around Vol kman's canalsd. devel op around a blood vessele. are m ost common during rapid growth of adolescence18. Osteoclas
ts arise from a. ost eocytesb. osteoblasts c. osteoclasts d. mo nocytese. osteoprogenito r cells19. Osteocytes
arise most directly from a. chond rocytesb. osteoblasts c. osteoclasts d. mo nocytese. osteoprogenito r cells20. Fibro
cartilage is characterized at the light microscopic level by a. basophilia b. elastic fibers c. perichondrium d. collagen(ic ) fiberse. mineralized matr ix21. The micros copic structure of certain parts of the temporomandibular joint differs fromcorres ponding parts of most other articulations of the human body. One suchdifference is tha t the articulating surfaces of the TMJ are a. bone b. elastic cartilage c. vasc ulard. fibrous tissuee. hyaline cartilage 622. In
which of the following regions of the temporomandibular joint would you most expectto find phagocytes? a. synovial mem braneb. central region of m eniscusc. joint capsule d. articular tiss uee. synovial cavity23. The periodontal ligam
ent is composed chiefly of a. reticular fibe rsb. microfi brilsc. collage n(ic) fibersd. oxytalan fibe rse. elastic fibe rs24. All of the f
ollowing are associated with cartilage tissue except a. appositional gro wthb. perichondriu mc. lame llaed. chondroitin s ulfatee. interstitial gro wth25. Chondro
cytes receive their nutrition via a. capillaries in matr ixb. Haversi an canalsc. diffusion through matrixd. periosteal buds e. canaliculi26. The mos
t common cell in connective tissue proper is the a. mast cell b. lymphocyte c. macrophage d. fibrob laste. fat cell27. The mos
t common amino acid of collagen(ic) fibers is a. proline b. hydroxypr olinec. glycine d. lysine e. alanine 7 28. The presence of which one of the following characteristics is of least value indisti nguishing bone from hyaline cartilage? a. lame llaeb. cell nests c. Haversian canals d. lacun aee. canaliculi
29. Which
one of the following cells would be best for the study of lysosomes? a. fibroblasts b. mac rophagesc. mast cells d. mesenchym al cellse. fat cells30. Heparin is
produced by a. mast cells b. mac rophagesc. lym phocytesd. plasma cells e. hepato cytes31. All of the f ollowing have ribosomes attached to them excepta. nuclear envelope b. tRNA c. endoplasmic r eticulumd. each o there. phago somes 32. Which one of the following parts of a cell lacks a bounding memberane? a. nucleolus b. endoplasm ic reticulumc. lys osomesd. Go lgi complexe. nucleus
33. Th
e electron dense layers of cell membranes are biochemically identified as a. carbohydrate b. glycolipid c. sialic acid d. pho spholipid-protein complexe. interphase be tween lipid layers 834. Intracellular dig
estion is a chief function of the a. Golgi apparatus b. endoplasm ic reticulumc. lys osomesd. res idual bodiese. mitochondri a 35. Which one of the following structures is visible in the light microscope? a. mitochondri onb. rib osomesc. tight junction d. smoo th endoplasmic reticulume. plasma m embrane36. The basal body of a cilium has a tubular filament arrangement which is identical to thepattern found in a. microvilli b. centr iolesc. spindle fibers d. stereocilia e. micr otubules
37. Which one of
the following junctions is characterized by the fusion of the outer leaflets ofthe c ell membranes of adjacent cells? a. zonula adherens b. des mosomesc. macula adherens d. gap junctions e. tigh t junctions (zonula occludens)38. Cy
toplasmic basophilia is characteristic of cells that a. are act ively producing steroid hormonesb. have abundant DNA in the cytoplasmc. are in the S stage d. are synthes izing large amounts of proteine. exhib it a conspicuous Golgi complex 939. The exocrine cells s
ecrete all of the following except a. amyla seb. gastrin c. prochymotr ypsind. lipa see. protryps in40. Bile is for
med by a. sinusoid al endotheliumb. strom al cellsc. lym phocytesd. (von) Ku pffer cellse. hep atic cells (hepatocytes)41. The esophagus is subdivide d into three portions along its course on the basis of atransition in the com position of the a. submuc osab. mu cosal layerc. adventitia d. muscular is externae. none of the above42. Plicae circularis
(valves of Kerkring) are present in a. sto machb. ileum c. duodenum d. jejunum e. all bu t the stomach43. The epithelium of
the gallbladder is composed of a. simple colum nar epitheliumb. psuedos tratified epitheliumc. ciliated columnar epithelium d. stratified s quamous epitheliume. simple s quamous epithelium44. Which
of the following lacks goblet cells? a. nasal cavity b. ileum c. trach ead. esophagus e. vermifor m appendix 10 45. Which one of the following has skeletal muscle in the muscularis externa? a. colon b. appendix c. sto machd. esophagus e. small intes tine
46. The subm
ucosal plexus (Meissner's plexus) contains cell bodies of a. preganglionic paras ympathetic neuronsb. postganglion ic sympathetic neuronsc. postganglionic par asympathetic neuronsd. preganglionic s ympathetic neuronse. none of the above47. Goblet cells are m
ost numerous in the walls of the a. villi b. gastric glands c. crypts of Li eberkuhn (intestinal glands) in the ileumd. crypts of Lieberkuhn (intestinal glands) in the duodenume. crypts of Li eberkuhn (intestinal glands) in the colon48. In hum
ans, the lining epithelium of the esophagus is a. tran sitionalb. si mple columnarc. str atified squamous, keratinizedd. st ratified squamous, non-keratinizede. str atified cuboidal49. Pancreatic alpha cells s
ecrete a. glucagon b. insulin c. somatos tatind. gastrin e. pancr eatic digestive enzymes50. Endothelium
and mesothelium form cellular membranes which have the same histologicstru cture as a. stratified cuboid al epitheliumb. simple colu mnar epitheliumc. simple cuboid al epitheliumd. stratified s quamous epitheliume. simple s quamous epithelium 1151. Which one of
the following epithelia is least common? a. tran sitionalb. pseudos tratified columnar (ciliated)c. sim ple columnard. st ratified columnare. simple s quamous52. The broadest b
asis for classifying epithelium into subgroups is a. kerat inized or not keratinizedb. sq uamous, cuboidal or columnarc. sim ple or stratifiedd. absorptive or secretory e. linin g or glandular53. Reg
arding simple columnar epithelium which statement is least descriptive? a. may be keratinizedb. may exhibit a microvillous borderc. the height of each cell is typically gr eater than its widthd. may have mot ile ciliae. may contain goblet cells54. Which
of the following features is NOT characteristic of epithelium? a. is usually s upported by a basement membraneb. litt le intercellular spacec. high cellularity d. hig hly vasculare. b, c, and d are all incorrect55. Glands ar
e classified based on a. their secretory productb. mode of s ecretionc. branching pattern of the ductsd. b and c are correcte. a, b, and c are correct56. The human der
mis lacks which of the following? a. reti cular layerb. sweat glands c. melanin d. hair folliclese. sens ory corpuscles 1257. Keratohyalin is
found in the a. hyaline cartilage b. stratum granulosumc. stratum l ucidumd. stratum corneume. stratum r eticularis58. Thin skin l
acks which of the following? a. stratum cor neumb. stratum reticularisc. nerve rece ptorsd. sweat glands e. hair59. Cords
of Billroth are found in the a. white pulp b. sp leenc. lym ph nodesd. tonsils e. thymus60. A subcapsular sinus is typicall
y present in this structure a. thymus b. synovial joint c. spl eend. live re. lymph node61. Diffu
se (loose) type of lymphatic tissue is characteristically found a. in m esenteriesb. in the axilla and groin c. in ly mph nodesd. along major l ymphatic vesselse. under lying mucous membranes62. B-
cells (lymphocytes) can a. not b e mobilized by vigorous exerciseb. give rise to plas ma cellsc. secrete interferon d. kill other cells e. suppres s T-cells 1363. The mos
t prominent component of a skeletal muscle cell is a. mitochondri ab. Go lgi complexc. myoglobin d. myofilam entse. glyco gen64. Caveolae in sm
ooth muscle cells are thought to be analogous to a. lys osomesb. secr etory vesiclesc. T-tu bulesd. pin ocytotic vesiclese. phago somes65. The thick fila
ments of skeletal muscle fibers a. consist of both actin and myosinb. are present in th e A bandc. consist of actind. are cross ed by the Z linee. are present in the I b ands66. The contractile element (com ponent) of skeletal muscle is in the a. myofibr ilsb. sarcoplasm ic reticulumc. sarco lemmad. endomys iume. sarco plasm67. Th
e connective tissue investment seen with the light microscope around an individualmuscle fiber o f skeletal muscle is a. endomysiu mb. epimysiu mc. sarco lemmad. perimys iume. basal lamina68. A node of R
anvier is a. the point of near-con tact between the processes of two neuronsb. characte ristic of unmyelinated fibersc. a constriction of the axond. a nerve receptor e. a junction between two S chwann cells 1469. Most of
the nuclei seen in a cross section of a peripheral nerve belong to a. microglia b. neurons c. Schwann cells d. fibroblas tse. satellite cells70. Pacinian corpus
cles usually are considered to be most responsive to a. ligh t touchb. pressure c. pain d. heat e. cold71. The cells that are res
ponsible for forming myelin in the central nervous system are the a. Schwann cells b. satellite cells c. microglia d. astroglia e. oligodendroglia72. Niss
l substance in nerve cell bodies is associated with a. spread of s timulusb. synaptic junctions c. axons d. protein sy nthesise. myelin for mation73. A myelinated nerve
has how many Schwann cells between two adjacent nodes of Ranvier? a. one b. two c. thr eed. four e. more than fou r74. Th
e walls of bronchioles lack a. elastic tissue b. columnar epith eliumc. smooth m uscled. hyaline cartilage e. ciliated cells 1575. The probable s
ource of surface active material (surfactant) coating the alveolar surface is a. goblet cells b. small a lveolar cells (type I orA pneumocytes)c. grea t alveolar cells (type II or B pneumocytes)d. Clara cells e. septal cells76. The structur
al/functional unit of the respiratory system is a. a term inal bronchiole and its branchesb. an alveolus c. a bronchopulm onary segmentd. an alv eolar duct and its branchese. a res piratory bronchiole and its branches77. Smoo
th endoplasmic reticulum would be expected to be most abundant in a. steroid s ecreting cellsb. fibroblas tsc. mucous s ecreting cellsd. serous secreting cellse. rubriblas ts78. A urinif
erous tubule (nephron) includes all of the following except a. glomerulus b. Bowman' s capsulec. juxtaglomerular apparatusd. bas al lamina (basement membrane)e. podo cytes 79. Juxtaglomerular cells are modified a. distal tubule cells b. proxim al tubule cellsc. efferent arteriole cells d. macula densa cells e. afferent arteriole cells
80. The macula densa of
the kidney is formed by cells of thea. afferent arteriole b. distal convoluted tu bulec. descending thick part of Henle's loopd. proxim al convoluted tubulee. thin portion of Henle's loop 1681. The majority
of water resorption in the kidney occurs in the a. conne cting tubulesb. Thin loop of H enlec. dis tal convoluted tubulesd. pr oximal convoluted tubulese. collect ing tubules82. All of the f
ollowing regarding podocytes is correct except a. line p art of the capsular spaceb. produce basal lam inac. pos sess pediclesd. for m part of the blood-urinary barriere. are joined to one another by t ight junctions83. Pericytes
are commonly found in association with a. sinusoid sb. lym phatic capillariesc. dis continuous capillariesd. fen estrated capillariese. conti nuous capillaries84. Which of
the following components of blood vessels is most consistently present? a. endothelium b. tunica media c. tunica adventitia d. elastic tiss uee. smooth muscle fibers85. Which one of
the following vessels exhibits the greatest permeability? a. conti nuous type of capillariesb. lym ph capillariesc. fenes trated capillariesd. pos tcapillary venulese. fenestrated sin usoids86. This cell is as
sociated with osteoid secretion a. bone lining cell b. osteo blastc. oste oclastd. monocyte e. fibro blast 1787. This cell is r
esponsible for the majority of bone resoprtion/remodeling a. bone lining cell b. osteo blastc. oste oclastd. monocyte e. fibro blast88. Th
is portion of the hypophysis (pituitary gland) releases no known hormones a. pars dist alisb. pars inter mediac. pars n ervosad. pars tuber alise. they al l secrete hormones89. Pituicytes ar
e glial-like cells of the a. pars dist alisb. pars inter mediac. pars n ervosad. pars tuber alise. pineal gland90. Oxytocin is
a hormone secreted by cells of the a. pars dist alisb. pars inter mediac. pars n ervosad. pars tuber alise. uterus91. Calcitonin is s
ecreted by these specific cells a. chromophils b. interstitial cells (of Leydig)c. basophils d. principal cells of the thyroide. parafollicular cells of the thyroid92. Coll
oid is a substance associated with which of the following endocrine organs? a. suprarenal ( adrenal) glandsb. thyroid gland c. testis d. ovary e. pineal gland 1893. Mela
nin is released by which of the following cells? a. chief cells of the parathyr oidb. interstitial cells (of Leydig)c. cells of the zona reticularis of the suprarenal glandd. pin ealocytese. parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland94. High b
lood calcium levels cause calcitonin release from which of the following cells? a. chief cells of the parathyr oidb. interstitial cells (of Leydig)c. cells of the zona reticularis of the suprarenal glandd. pin ealocytese. parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland95. Which
of the following cells manufacture and release mineralocorticoids? a. ce lls of the zona glomerulosab. cells of the zona reticular isc. cells of the zona fasciculata d. chromaff in cellse. sympathetic ganglio n cells of the medulla96. These cells are r esponsible for secreting testosterone a. ce lls of the zona glomerulosab. chromaff in cellsc. Chief cells of the par athryoidd. interstitial cells (of Leydig)e. Sertoli cells97. Which
of the following is found within a lobule of the testis? a. effe rent ductulesb. rete testis c. ductus deferens d. epididymis e. sem inifereous tubules98. Which of
the following is an intratesticular genital duct? a. effe rent ductulesb. tubuli recti c. ductus deferens d. ductus epididym ise. prostatic urethra 1999. These are 10 to 20
short tubules that drain spermatozoa from the rete testis a. effe rent ductulesb. tubuli recti c. ductus deferens d. ductus epididym ise. prostatic urethra100. W
hich of the following secretes a fructose-rich fluid into the ejaculate? a. prostate b. sem inal vesiclesc. ductus deferens d. bulbourethr al (Cowper's) glandse. glands of Litre101. A
mucoid secretion from this gland lubricates the spongy/penile urethral lumen a. prostate b. sem inal vesiclesc. ductus deferens d. bulbourethr al (Cowper's) glandse. glands of Litre102. Secretion of this mate
rial identifies a secondary (antral) follicle of the ovary a. colloid b. liquor foll iclulic. estr ogend. progester onee. cumulus oo phorus103. The follow
ing structure results when pregnancy does not follow ovulation a. corpus luteum of menstruationb. cumulus oophorusc. theca externa d. theca lutein e. corpus albicans104. T
his layer of the uterus is shed monthly in menstruating females a. myometr iumb. functionalis layer of endometriumc. basalis layer of endometriumd. cervical epithelium e. epimetrium 20105. The vagina is lined b
y this specific type of epithelium a. tran sitionalb. stratified s quamous keratinizingc. stratified s quamous non-keratinizingd. ps eudostratified columnare. str atified cuboidal106. When a tooth first erupts into the oral cavity, the attached epithelial cuff is composed ofepithelium derived fr om a. lamina propr iab. epit helial rests (of Malassez)c. (Hertwig 's) epithelial root sheathd. oral mu cosae. reduced enamel epithelium107. T
ritiated thymidine is a radioisotope that is incorporated into DNA during the s-stage.Consequently, tr
itiated thymidine may be used to identify dividing cells. Which cellsof the dental organ wou ld you expect would incorporate tritiated thymidine? Cellswhose function is a. organizing b. maturation c. morphog enicd. protection e. secretory108. Which one of the foll
owing is a part of the tooth germ (dental/enamel organ)? a. inner dental epithelium b. dent al sacc. dental papilla d. stellate reticulum e. dental lamina109. Avit
aminosis (scurvey) results in a loosening of the teeth in the sockets chiefly becauseascorbic acid (vitamin
C) is needed by a. osteoblasts to form boneb. cells to produce collagenc. odontoblasts to form dentind. cells to fight virusese. cementoblasts to form cementum 21110. Amelob
last differentiation starts at the a. incisal region of the tooth germb. cervical re gion of the tooth germc. junction of IDE and ODE (cervical loop)d. lateral regi
ons of the tooth germe. junction of str atum intermedium and stellate reticulum111. Which on
e of the following dental (enamel) organs is usually the first to develop? a. lst permanent molarb. 2nd deciduous molarc. permanent central incis ord. deciduous central incis ore. deciduous canine112. Most p
rincipal fibers of the periodontal ligament insert into a. attached gingiva b. bone c. dentin d. free gingiva e. cementum113. Collagen fiber
s produced by cementoblasts generally lie in the matrix of cementum a. parallel t o Sharpey's fibersb. parallel to the sur face of the cementumc. perpendicular to the dentino -cemental junctiond. randomly e. either b or d114. The gingival area wh
ere nonkeratinized epithelium most frequently occurs and which,therefore, m ay be considered most vulnerable to inflammation is the a. sulcular su rface of the free gingivab. palatal gingiva c. unattached gingiva d. buccal gingiva e. attached gingiva115. Enamel under
goes a marked physical and chemical transition during the a. desmolytic s tageb. morph ogenic stagec. maturation s taged. secretory s tagee. protective stage 22116. G
ingival massage through tooth brushing increases the circulation of blood in gingivalvessels in th e a. submuc osab. lamina propr iac. keratinized epithelium d. dental pulp e. nonkeratinized epithelium117. In order
for bleeding of the gingiva to occur blood must pass from the lumen of bloodvessels a cross which of the following sequences of layers? a. endothelium, s ubmucosa, lamina propria, epitheliumb. tunica intima, m uscularis mucosae, adventitia, stratum germinativumc. endothelium, lam ina propria, basal lamina, stratum basaled. si mple squamous epithelium, dense connective tissue, basal lamina, stratifiedsquamous epitheliume. endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm118. The major
inorganic constituent of enamel by weight is a. collag enb. sodium c. phosphate d. calcium e. carbonate119. All of the f
ollowing characterize palatine tonsils except a. stratified s quamous epitheliumb. ducts of m ucous glands open into cryptsc. primary cr yptsd. lym phatic nodulese. secondary crypts120. Bacteria that attack the odontoblas
tic processes in coronal dentin move along in thedentinal tubules towar d the pulp along a a. s- shaped with minor spiraling passagewayb. sp iral passagewayc. str aight with minor spiraling passagewayd. s- shaped passagewaye. str aight passageway 23121. E
ctodermal derivatives at the cap stage include outer dental epithelium, inner dentalepithelium, and a. ameloblasts b. odontoblasts c. stratum i ntermediumd. dental papilla e. stellate reticulum122. Which on
e of the following least accurately describes the difference between mantle andcircumpulpal dentin? M
antle dentin a. contains groun d substance formed by cells other than odontoblastsb. cont ains collagen that is less closely packed and interwovenc. min eralization is not dependent on matrix vesiclesd. is for med before circumpulpal dentine. contai ns collagen that is less closely packed and interwoven123. All of the f
ollowing structures may be found in oral mucous membrane except a. lamina propr iab. basal lamina c. kerat ohyaline granulesd. mu scularis mucosaee. stratified s quamous epithelium124. In hum ans, which one of the following is correct? a. the parotid gland is chiefly a mixed glandb. the subm andibular gland is chiefly a mucous glandc. the sublingual is chiefly a serous glandd. the parotid is chi efly a mucous glande. the submandib ular gland is chiefly a serous gland125. At which f
unctional stage would cells of, or arising from, the inner dental epitheliumconta in the highest concentration of ribosomes? a. protective b. form ative (secretory)c. morphog enicd. maturation e. organizing 24126. A caries les
ion that extends into the dentin may stimulate the formation of which of thefollowing? a. sclerotic dentin for mationb. secondary cem entum formationc. secondary dentin f ormationd. dead tract form atione. peritubular dentin f ormation127. Which on
e of the following is a "pure" serous gland? a. parotid gland (adult) b. palatine gland c. submandib ular glandd. labial gland e. sublingual gland128. H
ypomineralized structures which extend from the dentino-enamel junction to the surfaceof the en amel and are alined with the longitudinal axis of the tooth are called a. enam el lamellaeb. Hunter-Schreger bandsc. enam
el spindlesd. incremental lines of Retziuse. enamel rods129. C
ementoblasts first produce a. secondary cementum b. Sharpey's fibers c. cementoid d. primar y cementume. cemen tocytes130. Muc operiosteum may be found in which one of the following regions? a. soft palate b. hard palate c. lip d. cheek e. tongue 25131. The cells that for
m cementum arise from the a. epithelial diaphragm b. dental papilla c. outer enamel epithelium d. fibroblas tse. dental sac132. Which on
e of the following is NOT ectodermal in origin? a. reduced enamel epithelium b. dental lamina c. epithelial (Hertw ig's) root sheathd. enamel spindl ee. enam el133. C ementocytes arise when a. pri mary cementum is depositedb. cementoblasts become entrapped by cememtumc. permanent m olars begin to eruptd. cementoid is con verted to cementume. permanent anterior teeth begin to erupt134. Pain ori
ginates in the pulp due to a. free nerve endings in the cell rich layer of the pulpb. free nerve endings in the vicinity of the odontoblastic cellsc. free nerve endings primarily located in the center of the pulpd. free nerve endings in the cell free zone (of Weil)e. myelinated nerve fiber s in the adjacent part of the dentin135. Which of
the following correctly describes the mucosa of the sublingual floor of themouth? a. contains foliate papillae covered by non-keratinized epitheliumb. overlies s erous salivary glandsc. has non-keratin ized epithelium with no glands in the lamina propriad. has non-keratinized epithelium with high connective tissue papillaee. has keratinized epithelium with glands in the lamina propria 26136. A str
ucture in the oral cavity that is covered for the most part by stratified squamouskeratinized epithelium is
the a. hard palate b. soft palate c. cheek d. tooth e. circumvallate papilla137. The major
organic component of dentin is a. collag enb. lactate c. hydroxyapatite d. lipid e. desmos ine138. Which on
e of the following is NOT present during the bell stage of tooth development? a. pri mary dental (enamel) organb. outer dental epithelium c. epithelial (Serre' s) pearlsd. ameloblasts e. stratum i ntermedium139. All the follo
wing structures except one is seen during the cap stage of tooth development a. inner dental (enamel) epitheliumb. stratum intermediumc. dental papilla d. dent al follicle (sac)e. stellate reticulum140. Which one of the foll
owing correctly describes the structure of the major salivarygland s? a. compound tubu lar glandb. simple tu buloalveolar glandc. compound alveolar g landd. compound tu buloalveolar glande. simple tubu lar gland 27141. All of the f
ollowing are associated with the bell stage of tooth development except a. tooth "germ" first appea rsb. capillaries invade dental papilla c. primor dium of successional tooth developsd. dent al lamina disintegratese. nervous plexus develops in dental papilla142. Which on
e of the following is the most accurate in respect to dental pain? a. denti n is more sensitive when the pulp is inflamedb. agents that cause pain w hen applied to skin cause pain when applied to dentinc. synaptic nerve endings have been demonstrated between pulpal nerves andodontoblasts d. dentin is unif ormly sensitivee. a local anesthetic applied to exposed dentin eliminates dentin sensitivity143. Pick the corr ect series that lists the parts of the mature tooth in the order of increasinginorganic content. a. enamel, dentin, cem entum, pulpb. cementum, dentin, enamel, pulpc. cemen tum, pulp, dentin, enameld. pul p, cementum, dentin, enamele. pulp dentin, cementum, enamel144. Sharpey'
s fibers are formed principally by a. osteoblasts b. fibroblas tsc. odontoblasts d. epit helial cells in the rests of Malasseze. cementoblasts145. Whic
h feature of cellular cementum best differentiates it from acellular cementum? a. position on too thb. lacun aec. separate and distinct f unctionsd. embedded Sharpey's fibers e. an incrementa l growth pattern 28146. In the keyhole concept f
or the shape of the cross-section of enamel rods a. the cr ystallites in the head lie parallel to the surface of the enamelb. the tails are directed m esiallyc. the heads are directed m esiallyd. the tails are directed incis allye. the heads are directed incis ally147. The epithelial (Her twig's) root sheath is involved in the formation of a. enam elb. crown c. root d. cor onal pulp chambere. epithelial pearls148. Mucous
secreting cells are least appropriately described as having a. lighter stained cytoplas m than serous cellsb. flat tened nucleic. rela tively vacant appearing cytoplasmd. dis tinct cell boundariese. the abi lity to form demilunes149. Whic
h one of the following glands would possess numerous demilunes? a. parotid b. palatine c. pos terior linguald. von Ebnere. sub lingual150. Sharpey'
s fibers are generally oriented in cementum a. parallel to collagenic fibers produced by cementoblastsb. randomly c. parallel to the surf ace of cementumd. perpendicular to the dent inocemental junctione. either b or c 29151. A
cid-etching of surface enamel to create a surface for better binding with dentalmaterials m ost commonly a. preferentially rem oves centers of rodsb. dissol ves hydroxyapatite crystals more readily in a direction perpendicular to theirlong axis c. shows little correlation with key-hole-shaped rodsd. bears no resemblance t o rod structuree. preferentially rem oves peripheries of rods152. Amelob
lasts are derived from a. dental papilla b. outer dental epithelium c. inner dental epithelium d. dent al sace. ectomesenchym al cells153. Whic
h one of the following activities of the dental organ continues for the longest timewith the development of
any tooth? a. morphog enicb. organizing c. formative d. mat urationale. protective154. T
he formation of cementum results when the dental organ a. adheres to dentin b. becomes dis continuous over dentinc. is in its s ecretory staged. is in its p rotective stagee. forms an epithelial diaphragm155. The periodontal lig
ament develops from a. pulpal tissue b. dental papilla c. dental sacd. outer dental epithelium e. inner dental epithelium 30156. Serous
secretory cells characteristically a. have a nucleus flattened basally b. have d istinct lateral cell boundariesc. hav e relatively vacant apical cytoplasmd. may form demilunese. lack intercellular canaliculi157. Saliva prod
uced during stimulation by eating or by mechanical manipulations duringdental procedures ari ses principally from the a. minor s alivary glandsb. parotid glands c. submandib ular, sublingual and minor salivary glandsd. subm andibular glandse. sublingual glands158. All of the f
ollowing become part of the reduced enamel epithelium except a. outer dental epithelium b. stratum intermediumc. ameloblast cells d. epithelial diaphragm e. stellate reticulum159. Secondary (
cellular) cementum differs from alveolar bone in that it a. lacks lacunaeb. lacks hydroxyapatite crystallitesc. resorbs less readily than boned. has Sharpey's fibers e. may exhibit resting lines160. Lines of v on Ebner represent a. cyclic metabolic changes in amelo blastsb. cyclic metabolic changes in od ontoblast activityc. interglobular dentin d. incr ement lines in enamele. conf iguration of secondary curvatures of dentinal tubules161. Developing teeth and
dental arches are separated from the developing cheeks by the a. primary epit helial bandb. inner dental epithelium c. dental lamina d. vestibular bo nd or furrowe. outer dental epithelium 31162. The
density of enamel is greatest a. at the surface near the cervical m argin of a permanent oothb. between the cusp and cerv ical regions of a permanent toothc. at the surface of a cus p of a permanent toothd. toward D -E junction of the cusp of a permanent toothe. toward D- E junction in the cervical margin of a permanent tooth163. All of the f
ollowing groups of principal fibers of the periodontal ligament are present inall permanent teeth except
a. cervi calb. alve olar crestc. tran septald. inte rradiculare. apical164. High conn
ective tissue papillae in the oral cavity mucosa are associated with a. are as subjected to mechanical stressb. swallow ing actionc. tissues not supported by boned. nonkeratinized epithelium e. a submu cosa165. The mos
t highly mineralized region of dentin is the a. intertubular dentin b. globular dentin c. peritubular dentin d. interglobular d entine. Tom es' granular layer166. Dentin becom
es harder with age because of a general increase in a. interglobular dentin b. secondary dentin c. denti clesd. peritubular denti ne. intertubular dentin 32167. Prepar
ing a tooth for a restoration may stimulate all of the following actions except a. an incr ease in the number of dentinal tubulesb. death of odontoblas tsc. sclerotic dentin for mationd. dead tract form atione. irregular dentin f ormation168. Odontobl
astic processes extend into a. enam el lamellaeb. enamel tufts c. enam el spindlesd. reduced enamel epithelium e. perikymata169. Which on
e of the following is incorrectly matched? a. epith elial (Hertwig's) root sheath - epithelial rests (of Malassez)b. ameloblasts - enamel pe arlc. dental la mina - epithelial (Serre's) pearld. cem entoblasts - pulp stonese. odon toblasts - enamel spindles170. In consi
dering the process of eruption, the prefunctional eruptive stage of a tooth beginswhen the a. cap stage begins b. bell stage begins c. dental lamina begins f ormingd. bud stage begins e. none of the above171. Enamel tufts are
a. hypomineralized ar eas of dentinb. hypermin eralized areas in dentinc. hypo mineralized areas in enameld. si milar to enamel spindlese. hyper mineralized areas in enamel172. All of the f
ollowing cell types may produce collagen fibers except? a. odontoblasts b. ameloblasts c. cementoblasts d. osteoblasts e. chondroblasts 33173. Mitochondria in a
ssociation with basal infoldings of the plasmalemma arecharacteristically found in a. excretory duct cells b. serous cellsc. intercalated duct cells d. mucous cellse. striated ( s ecretory) duct cells174. The epithelial rests
(of Malassez) arise from a. dental follicle b. outer dental epithelium c. epithelial root sheath d. dent al organe. inner dental epithelium175. In general, th
e deeper a cavity preparation is made into the dentin the a. less concentrated the dentinal tubulesb. less perm eable the dentin structurallyc. weaker the re maining dentin (or stronger etc.)d. greater the a mount of peritubular dentin(& lesser)e. few er odontoblasts are affected176. When an or
al surgeon extracts a mandibular first molar, all of the principal fibers of theperiodontal ligament ar
e torn from their attachment to alveolar bone except for the a. transeptal fibe rsb. obl ique fiberc. interradicul ar fibersd. dentoperiostea l fiberse. alveola r crest fibers