Characterization of interaction between organic molecules and Co-Al-LDH, using photo-physical This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014
In this study, we focus on the comprehensive characterization of the 76 molecule composition of water soluble organic compound in fine particle aerosol
SciRP org/journal/ampc) Synthesis, Crystal Growth and Characterization of Organic NLO The NLO properties of large organic molecules and po-
there are hundreds to thousands of organic compounds in the atmosphere The most widely used organic journal homepage: www elsevier com/locate/atmosenv
27 déc 2020 · Amount of aminoacids in the analyzed honey samples INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2247 Page 8 abundant amino acid in our
In this work we report the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of push pull stilbenes These compounds It is well known that organic compounds
Analysis of organic molecules, physicochemical parameters, and pollen as indicators for authenticity, botanical origin, type and
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[@Cu@FSMeasurement ubnsn o dyalfboefq lsiyoblmn f ylox1H-NMR)The pfhri are rfefms,nah my,$a&fpaf$frm $a#e,ha.ecgx e.s,prsna(.ecx e.s,prsnoaBy snpm mm noa
F ehfn,a+,h, ns> $ay,n apfhri pa(da,a& e a$sicm $asnabdahia,#aA-Baqc< ea(bdaa,#a G+pshcifms,npa,#a:?axar,snmpa& e afg;cse $a&smyafapr gmefia&s$mya,#a4dd4?arrhoae g su eafsna,#ab:afn$a
fg;cspsms,namsh a,#a9t?:apa"y a46apr gmefa& e ahf$ acpsna#,ceapgfnpafn$ab:apshcifms,npa,#ataxa(N4%a
f1sp,afn$a?axa(Nb%f1sp,ar,snmpa"y apr gmefia&s$mya&fpab:darrha(N4,afn$abarrha(Nb,oae g su ea
fsna,#ab:oafn$afg;cspsms,namsh a,#a:b4apa(N4,afn$a4d:?apa(Nb,a"y aA)25Oapr gmefa& e acp $a#,ea
;cfnms=gfms,nafn$amy aMB25apr gmefam,au es#amy as$ nmsma,#amy ag,hr,cn$pa/iiapr gmefa& e a pmfn$fe$s> $oag,ee gm $a&smyafaisn aqfpspoafn$agfisqefm $acpsna4o4o9o9%6?%9%("esh myipsii,a He,rs,nsga/gs$a5,$scha5fimafpafae # e ng afmaarrha"y ag,hr,cn$pa& e a;cfnms= $acpsna fae,cmsn are,=i a#,eay,n a(e i fp aboa.ecx e.s,prsnoaBy snpm mm noaF ehfn,amye,cyafcm,hfmsga snm efms,na,#amy ahf1shchar,snmoagfigcifm $a&smyafna 1m enfiapmfn$fe$[bt!Study ncounaal oi opn lhomfeualmTen efhpa,#a fgyay,n apfhri a& e ahs1 $a&smya4ahia,#a$ s,ns> $a&fm easnag,nsgfiamcq pa(dahi,a
fgg,e$snam,amy ah my,$a#,ea- ispp,rfin,i,apc pm $aqamy aAnm enfms,nfia+,n al,hhspps,na 2244(IHC). 5,icms,npa& e ag nmes#cfm $a#,eabahsnafmabaam,afii,&amy a$ gfnmfms,na,#amy apcr enfmfnmaDfm eoafap g,n$a&fpya&smya$ s,ns> $a&fm ea&fpar e#,eh $oafn$affsnamy ap,icms,na&fpag nmes#cfm $a#,ea
dahsnafmabaF[b!aSediment &fpahs1 $a&smyaig e,i% ifmsnafn$ah,cnm $a,naifppapis$ pa5is$ pag,u e $a&smyag,u eapisrpa& e ai #ma#,eabahsnacnmsiamy a ifmsnayfe$ n $a",ahfx ae # e ng apis$ poaf#m ea
my arfe nmfiarifnmpa& e amf1,n,hsgfiias$ nms= $asnamy a3nsu epsma,#a" yefna(Aefn,afn$amy a3nsu epsma
,#a3ehsfa(Aefn,oamy apmfh na,#a7,& epa& e ap rfefm $oa&fpy $a&smya$ s,ns> $a&fm eafn$aps u $am,a e h,u aife arfemsgi pa/#m eag nmes#csna$cesnadahsnafmabaFoap $sh nma&fpah,cnm $a,naifppapis$ pafpa$ pgesq $afq,u a/mai fpma9ar,ii naefsnpa& e ag,cnm $afn$as$ nms= $aper slide cpsnaisyma
hsge,pg,ra(hfns=gfms,naPa?1,aN,ear,ii nas$ nms=gfms,noae # e ng apis$ pare rfe $a#,eamyspapmc$a
& e ag,hrfe $am,ae # e ng ag,ii gms,npasnaE5Aafn$a3nsu epsma,#aFQmmsn noafn$a&smyaH)A2"oafna ,nisn ar,ii na$fmfqfnxa(ymmrR88r,n m& qf pfm,r e#,eha$ pgesrmsu apmfmspmsgfiafnfip pa,#amy ae pcimpa)essnap,#m&fe a&fpacp $am,aefryamy ae pcimp
Results ,nsesot ittoynPollen i of fah!lropn lhomfeualmConcerning my aq,mfnsgfia,essnoae pcimpapy,& $amyfmap u nay,n apfhri pa(pfhri paboa?oadoatoaboabboa
fn$ab4,ag,ee pr,n$ $am,ahcims7,efiay,n poamye apfhri pa& e agifpps= $afpay,n $ &a(pfhri pa:oaoa fn$a,oafn$am&,ag,ee pr,n$ $a& e ah,n,7,efia(pfhri pa4afn$a9Taq i,nsnam,alfISna$ ia-fsr,afn$a lysi,Uoae pr gmsu i,aAnarfemsgcifeoamy ar,ii nafqcn$fng a,#apfhri aba&fpRa990aBrassicaceae(Kreuzblütler, lecgs# ep,oa9?0aRhamnaceae (Kreuzdorngewächse, .cgxmy,en%Nfhsi,oab:0aSalix sp.
( s$ noasii,&,oad0aVicia (Wicken, ' mgy,a%"r oab0aPirus/Prunus (Obst, Necsma.i,pp,h,oafn$abb0a ,#acns$ nms= $ar,ii naH,ii nag,hr,psms,na,#apfhri a4a&fpRa:0aQuillaja luinAu ,ur(Seifenbaum, 5,fra.fexa"e ,oa4?0aAnacardiaceae (Sumachgewächse), fn$abb0aBrassicaceae (Kreuzblütler, lecgs# ep,oa
Azara spec. (Flacourtiaceae); #ul uAaurlu ,$ur(Edelkastanie, ly pmncm,aVeTaMyrtaceae (Myrtengewächse); Rubus (Himbeer, Bfpr,aAnamy agfp a,#apfhri a9oar,ii na&fpag,hr,p $a,#Ra0a Eucryphia pn f,mnq,ur(Chilen. 5gy sncih oa3ih,,aVeoafn$ab0aQuillaja luinAu ,ur(Seifenbaum, 5,fra .fexa"e ,oaEucalyptus spec.; Azara spec. (Flacourtiaceae); (n lrsp. (+,enxi oa"e #,si,aVeTa Sapindaceae (Seifenbaumgewächse); Taraxacum (Löwenzahn, 6fn$ ,aN,eahcims7,efiay,n oamf1fa& e as$ nms= $aqa 1r empafmamy aE5Aaifq,efm,ea("fqi a5A%b,a"y a$,hsnfnmar,ii namr pa#,eapfhri pa,#a
hcims7,efiay,n pa& e apshsifeam,apfhri aba"y ae pma,#amy ar,ii namr pag,nmesqcm $a&smyai ppamyfnab0a
,#amy am,mfiag,cnm $ar,ii na"y a$ m ehsnfms,na,#ay,n amr pa&fpafip,agfees $a,cmaqa 1r empa#e,hamy a
E5Aaifq,efm,eoa&ysgyafu ae isfqsismafn$are gsps,nam,a,cea&,exa3n$ eamy p ae pcimpoa& ae g,hh n$a q x r epam,ar e#,eharfin,i,sgfiafnfip pa,#amy seayfeu pm $ay,n asna fgyap fp,na"yspapy,ci$asnge fp amy ag,hh egsfiaufic a,#amy seay,n afn$amy ar,ppsqsismam,afgg ppahfex mpamyfmarfafaq mm ea
resg a#,eafapr gs=gamr a,#ay,n Ta#,easnpmfng oay,n $ &aspaysyia$ hfn$ $asna/cpmesfoaF ehfnoa Fe g oa5i,u nsfoa5&sm> eifn$oafn$a"cex a5fhri pabam,aba& e are us,cpias$ nms= $afpahcims7,efia y,n paqamy apcrris eaq x r epoa&ysi apfhri pa4afn$a9a& e agifpps= $afpah,n,7,efia/ip,oapfhri pa :oaoafn$aa& e agifpps= $afpay,n $ &aqamy ar,ii napmc$aAnag,nmefpmoapfhri pabbafn$ab4a& e a re us,cpias$ nms= $afpah,n,7,efiay,n paqamy aq x r eoaqcmamy afgmcfiiag,ee pr,n$ $am,a hcims7,efiay,n pafgg,e$snam,arfin,i,sgfiafnfipspnumber ,#a,my eapcfepa(hfim,mes,p oah is>sm,p afn$aefXn,p ,a(Nsce ab,a"yspag,hr,psms,nag,sngs$ pa&smyamy aufic pa$ pgesq $aqal,en I,
[4!a(Table 5A%4,afn$a/eufnsm,fnnspaet uq.[4b!a(Table 5A%9,a"y ah,pmafqcn$fnmah,n,pfggyfes$ pasnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa& e a#ecgm,p a(99taYa?44a8ba,a
fn$aicg,p a(4tdaYa9?ba8ba,a("fqi a5A%?, Ana,ceapmc$oamy a$,hsnfnma$spfggyfes$ pag,ee pr,n$ $am,ahfim,p a(:Y4ba8ba,oapcge,p a(9aYa8ba,oafn$amcefn,p a(bbYba8ba,a(Nsce ab,a"yspae pcimasparfemsfiiasnafe h nma&smyamy a
sn#,ehfms,nae r,em $aqaGfpx,ns n aet uq.[44!ain h,n,7,efia(efr p $afn$a&sii,&,afn$ar,i7,efiay,n pa#e,haDsmycfnsfoa 1g rma#,eamcefn,p oa&y,p aufic pa& e ai,& eag,hrfe $am,a,ceae pcimpa
/gg,e$snam,aism efmce oamy a$s< e ng pa,qp eu $aq m& namy am&,apmc$s pag,ci$aq a$c am,anch e,cpa#fgm,epoasngic$snamy a$s< e nmaq,mfnsgfia,essnpoa ,efrysgfiai,gfms,npoagishfm poan gmfea7c1oayfeu pma
g,n$sms,npa($fm ,oare,g ppsnoafn$apm,ef a,#amy afnfi> $ay,n p[?odobdo49!aIt py,ci$aq an,m $amyfmapfhri a?ayf$amy aysy pmahfim,p aufic a(4ba8ba,oa&ysi amy ai,& pmaufic ag,ee pr,n$ $am,apfhri aba
(:a8ba,a(Nsce ab,aB fe$snamcefn,p oapfhri pa4afn$a:are p nm $amy aysy pmaufic poabta8baa
fn$aba8baoae pr gmsu ioafn$amy ai,& pmaufic pag,ee pr,n$ $am,apfhri paa(bba8ba,afn$ata(b4a8ba,a/ip,oamy ah,pmafqcn$fnmamespfggyfes$ a&fpahfim,mes,p a(aYad0,a(Nsce ab,a-fim,mes,p a
ufic pag,sngs$ a&smyamy apmc$ae r,em $aqa6 aifaNc nm aet uq.[4?!ain hcims7,efiay,n pa#e,ha5rfsna ag,ci$an,ma$ m gmamyspapcfeasnapfhri pa9afn$ab4a)namy a,my eayfn$oamy e a& e ag,nps$ efqi a$s< e ng pa
q m& naqi,pp,hafn$ay,n $ &poamy aifmm eag,nmfsnsnafaysy eafh,cnma,#a,is,pfggyfes$ poahfsnia mespfggyfes$ pah i >sm,p afn$aefXn,p oaq,myafqp nmasna7,efiay,n p [4d!aIn rfemsgcifeoapfhri a:a&fpaysyasnah i >sm,p a(:a8ba,oapc pmsnafay,n $ &a,essn /rfema#e,hamy a7,efia,essnoap u efia#fgm,epagfna$ m ehsn amy ag,hr,psms,na,#apcfepasnay,n a /h,namy p oasmaspaxn,&namyfmah,pma,#amy a$spfggyfes$ pafn$amespfggyfes$ pare p nmasnay,n afe a #,eh $aqamy afgms,na,#a n>h pa,namy an gmfeagfeq,y$efm paN,ea 1fhri oafgs$ae u eps,naspa,n a,#a my p ae fgms,npoasna&ysgyaysy ea$spfggyfes$ pafn$apcfepafe a#,eh $a$cesnapm,ef a/$$sms,nfiioa my p apcfepah,$s=gfms,nare,g pp pahfa$ r n$a,na#fgm,epa,my eamyfnar+afn$a&fm eag,nm nmoa&ysgyai f$pam,afnaf$$sms,nfiaufesfqsismasnamy seag,hr,psms,na/h,namy am,mfiapcfepare p nmasnay,n oasmaspa
r,ppsqi am,ap i gmamy ah,pmagyfefgm espmsgapcfepa#,eafasu nay,n amr[4?!aFor 1fhri oamy aufesfqi pamyfmah,pmag,nmesqcm $am,amy a ,efrysgfia$spgeshsnfms,na,#ay,n pa& e Ra(b,ahfim,p oah,spmce oa
Figure i sAmount l# oigAbb Ayiofg it s f AtAc:fo ltf gAhpcfg72246raffinose, #ecgm,p 8h,spmce aefms,oafn$ary nififnsn asnamy agfp a,#arsn ay,n pafn$a(4,ah,spmce oapcha,#a#ecgm,p afn$aicg,p 8h,spmce aefms,oare,isn oaicg,p 8h,spmce aefms,oa#ecgm,p 8h,spmce aefms,oa
pcge,p oahfim,p oafn$amcefn,p asnamy agfp a,#a=eay,n p[bd!The pcge,p afh,cnma$s$an,ma 1g $ada8baa,#ay,n asnafiiamy apfhri pafnfi> $a(efn a9aYaTa"fqi a5A%?,oa&ysgyaspamy aishsmaufic a pmfqispy $a#,eay,n a("fqi a5A%d,a/gg,e$snam,amy a;cfnms=gfms,na
,#apcge,p agfees $a,cmaqag,nu nms,nfiarypsg,gy hsgfiafnfipspa($fmfan,mapy,&n,afn$aqancgi fea hfn msgae p,nfng a(A-B,oamy alysi fnay,n papfhri pafnfi> $asnamyspapmc$a&,ci$ah mamy a pmfn$fe$pa pmfqispy $aqamy aCodex q,daA u ,l[4:!a(Table 5A%d,a-,e ,u eoasmaspar,ppsqi am,asn# eamyfmamy ay,n apfhri papmc$s $ag,ee pr,n$ $am,anfmcefiay,n poapy,&snan,a us$ ng a,#af$cim efms,na
fn$asnfrre,resfm ahfnsrcifms,na,#amy apfhri p[?obdo4!aFig 5A%9apy,&pamy aefms,a,#a#ecgm,p a,u eaicg,p a(N8F,a,#amy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri poa&ysgya&fpafe,cn$aba(bbaYab9t,a"yspae pcimapc pmpamyfma
#ecgm,p a&fpamy are $,hsnfnmapcfea,#amy a7,efiapr gs pamyfmag,nmesqcm $afpamy an gmfeap,ceg oa g,sngs$sna&smyae pcimpae r,em $aqa",encxaet uq.[?!aand 6 aifaNc nm aet uq.[4?!afor "cexspya(btaYab4,afn$a5rfnspya(baYab:,ahcims7,efiay,n poae pr gmsu iaAmayfpaq nae r,em $amyfmay,n pa
&smyaysyaN8Fae hfsnais;cs$a#,eah,e a 1m n$ $ar es,$pamyfnay,n pa&smyai,& eaefms,po[4to4!asince fae fm eafh,cnma,#a#ecgm,p a&,ci$ah,$s#amy ai u ipa,#apfmcefm $aicg,p oafn$ag,ci$afip,ashrfgma,namy a
mfpm a,#ay,n asu namyfma#ecgm,p aspap& m eamyfnaicg,p[bdo9!aOn my a,my eayfn$oaNsa5A%9apy,&pamy apcha,#a#ecgm,p afn$aicg,p a(,eaNaZaFTaufic aPa:4?aYa9?,oa&ysgyag,sngs$ pa&smyamy a,n a$ pgesq $a#,ea
y,n pa([:a8ba,(l,$ 1Ta"fqi a5A%:,[4:!Amino fyiroubngalThe fhsn,afgs$are,=i a,#amy ay,n apfhri pa&fpafpa#,ii,&pRare,isn a(snafaefn a,#a??Y??4bah8xa,#a
y,n ,oaicmfhsn a(bdY4:ah8xa,#ay,n ,oary nififnsn a(4?Yb4ah8xa,#ay,n ,oame,psn a(a Y:4ah8xa,#ay,n ,oafifnsn a(bYddah8xa,#ay,n ,oaufisn a(?Y4ah8xa,#ay,n ,oafprfemsgafgs$a(aY?4ah8xa,#ay,n ,oai cgsn a(aYa9tah8xa,#ay,n ,oafn$asp,i cgsn a(ah8xa,#ay,n ,a(Nsce a4,a
He,isn oa&ysgyaspacpcfiiamy ah,pmafqcn$fnmafhsn,afgs$asnay,n afn$ar,ii no [9bo94!awas fip,amy ah,pmaFigure m sAmount l# AhitlAbiog it s f AtAc:fo ltf gAhpcfg7INTERNATIONAL JAKHG,1aAlalAALa!HA!H(Iq
2247abundant fhsn,afgs$asna,ceapfhri pam, my ea&smyaicmfhsn afn$ary nififnsn a"y afh,cnma,#are,isn asna,ceapfhri pa&fpa[abtah8xoa&ysgyafii,& $acpam,a$ $cg amyfmapfhri pa& e an,mapcqI gm $am,a
f$cim efms,na&smyag,hh,napcfea,eapcge,p[94@9?!aIntermediate fprfemsgafgs$aufic pa& e a$ m gm $asnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa 1g rma#,eapfhri paboa4oa9oatoabbafn$ab4a(Nsce a9,a/ip,oapfhri pa:afn$aa
re p nm $a[a4aha,#aicmfhsn 8xa,#ay,n a5fhri paafn$atare p nm $ai,&afu ef aufic pa,#ai cgsn a
(9taha,#ai cgsn 8xa,#ay,n afn$a4baha,#ai cgsn 8xa,#ay,n oae pr gmsu iTaNsce a4,oa&ysgyag,ci$aq a
e ifm $am,afapshsifear,ii nap,ceg a("fqi ab,a"y afhsn,afgs$pa& e a#,cn$asnai,&ag,ng nmefms,npasnamy a
y,n apfhri poa&ysgyaspag,npspm nma&smyamy afhsn,afgs$ag,hr,psms,na$ pgesq $a#,ean gmfea y,n[9bo94o9do9:!aAll pfhri paqcmapfhri a:a$s$an,mar,pp ppai cgsn a(ufic aPa,oafn$asp,i cgsn a&fpan,ma$ m gm $asnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa(Nsce a4,a+,& u eoapfhri a:ayf$aysyafhsn,afgs$ai u ipoa
pc pmsnafay,n $ &a,essna(Nsce a4afn$aNsce a9,a/imy,cyamy are,=i a,#afhsn,afgs$pagfnaq afna frre,resfm ah my,$am,a$ m ehsn amy aq,mfnsgfia$s< e nmsfms,na,#ay,n o[99o9!ait hcpmaq ag,nps$ e $amyfma$cesnamy apm,ef afn$amy ehfiame fmh nma,#ay,n oap u efiag,hr,cn$pagfnaq a#,eh $a&y namy a
gfeq,niae,cra(l))-) ,#afae $cgsnapcfeae fgmpa&smyamy a#e afhsn,ae,cra(A+2) ,#afhsn,afgs$poar rms$ pa,eare,m snpa"ycpoapsng a fgyafhsn,afgs$ayfpafa$s< e nmae fgmsusmoamy seare,r,ems,nasnay,n a
g,ci$aq af< gm $[9b!Organic fyirmoubngalSamples :oaoafn$aayf$amy aysy pmafh,cnmpa,#agsmesga(bboa94?oafn$adbda8xa,#ay,n oae pr gmsu i,oa
#,ehsga(btoa:oafn$a:da8xa,#ay,n ,oafn$ahfisgafgs$a(bbtoabb?doafn$a:4?a8xa,#ay,n ,oa&ysgya g,n=eh $amy seay,n $ &a,essna("fqi a4,a)namy ag,nmefeoapfhri pa4oabboafn$ab4a(lfISna$ ia-fsr,,ayf$amy ai,& pmafh,cnmpa,#agsmesgafgs$a(d4oa:4oafn$a9ah8xa,#ay,n oae pr gmsu i,oapc pmsnafa7,efia
,essn[9to9!aThe 1spm ng a,#agsmesgafn$ahfisgafgs$pasnay,n agfnag,nmesqcm am,amy seafnms,1s$fnmagfrfgsmoapsng amy agfnagy ifm ah mfipoafn$amy e #,e oapn espmsgfiiashre,u amy afgms,na,#a,my ea
fnms,1s$fnmpapcgyafpary n,isgag,hr,cn$p[?!aUnlike my apmc$aqaly egysaet uq.[?b!aand -fm,aet uq.,[?4!ain myspapmc$oamy a#,ii,&snafgs$pa& e an,mah fpce $Ra\%x m,icmfesgoafifgmce,nsgoai,1isgoaicg,nsgoaicmfhsgoaicmfesgoa4%y$e,1qcmesgoa\%y$e,1icmfesgoasp,gsmesgoahfi,nsgoah myihfi,nsgoa,1fisgoa
(ufic aPa,oaxnce nsga(ufic aPa,afn$are,icmfhsga(ufic aPa@:9ah8,oan,masng,er,efm $asnare us,cpa
Figure e sAmount l# AgpAysib Abio Ato pylcitf it s f AtAc:fo ltf gAhpcfg72248studies & e ah fpce $ay e a"y are p ng a,#afaufes ma,#a,efnsgafgs$pasnay,n agfnag,nmesqcm am,amyspare,$cgm*pafnms,1s$fnmafn$afnmsqfgm esfiare,r ems p
[bd!aMoreover, ,efnsgafgs$pagfnaq acp #ciasn$sgfm,epa,#a# eh nmfms,na(e 7 gm $asna 1g ppsu ag,ng nmefms,npa,#afg msgafgs$,o
[9!aand ,#amy aq,mfnsgfiafn$a ,efrysga,essna,#ay,n oas#afnfi> $am, my ea&smyagy hsgfioarypsgfioa,efn,i rmsgoafn$arfin,i,%
sgfiafnfip p[9o?bo?9!Low enalydafbo%liqpsoenalydalmThere spafip,afae,cra,#ai,&ah,i gcifea& symah,i gci pa(D--,amyfmafe ai ppaxn,&naqcmashr,emfnma
m,ah fpce asnay,n a/g m,sna(l[??!aThis gy hsgfiae fgms,naspasee u epsqi afn$a,ggcepafmafapi,&aefm afpay,n af pa"ycpoa6+/aspafa,,$asn$sgfm,ea
,#amy ar,m nmsfiai u ipa,#a-F)amyfmay,n a&siia$ u i,rasnapm,ef[??!aOn my a,my eayfn$oa-F)aspa#,eh $a#e,hapcfepa$cesnay fmame fmh nmafn$8,eare,i,n $apm,ef a,#apcfe%g,nmfsnsna#,,$pafn$a
q u ef p[??!aFinally, mes,n iisn a(l7H7NO2) spafnafixfi,s$oa>&smm es,na#,eh $aqamy ah myifms,na,#amy ansme, nafm,ha(A,a,#amy ansfgsna,eausmfhsna.
[?d!aThe e pcimpa#,cn$asnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa& e a;csm ay m e, n ,cpa("fqi a9,aAnamyspapmc$oafg m,sna&fpan,ma#,cn$oa
qcmamy afu ef a,#a4o9%qcmfn $s,ia&fpatda]aba"y p ae pcimpapc pmamyfman,afig,y,isga# eh nmfms,na
,ggcee $a$cesnamy ay,n apm,ef oa&ysi aifgmsga# eh nmfms,nahfayfu a,ggcee $asnamy apfhri pa/ip,oa
fiiapfhri papy,& $ahsnshfia;cfnms=fqi a6+/afn$a-F)a(^bah8x,oapshsifeae pcimpam,a,my ea pmc$s p[?:@?t!aOn my a,my eayfn$oah,n,7,efiay,n pa,qmfsn $a#e,haLeptospermum lpniu ,dr(Manuka) snaA &aK fifn$oafn$a#e,haLeptospermun inqysuq,mnq,droriginated #e,haA,emy enaBsu epa
fn$a.= i$a(Ec npifn$oa/cpmefisf,oa 1ysqsm $aysyag,ng nmefms,npa,#a6+/a(_4ah8x,a&smya hfex $aufesfqsismaq m& napfhri p[?od!aFinally, mes,n iisn aufic pae pcim $ai ppacns#,ehasnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri poaefnsnaq m& nab4ah8xa(pfhri ab4,afn$ab4ah8xa(pfhri at,a"y a
e cifeag,npchrms,na,#ay,n a&smyaysy eaufic pa,#ames,n iisn ag,ci$aq aq n =gsfiam,aychfnay fimy Table e sPresence l# ls fy hlcfbcfg it s f AtAc:fo ltf gAhpcfg7 !Ahpcf thafy[db!aAustralia,[9!aTurkey,[?od4!aSpain[9?!aand Fe g [d9!aThese e pcimpasn$sgfm amyfman,n a,#amy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa#e,hamyspapmc$a& e af$cim efm $aqamy af$$sms,na,#afems=gsfiapcqpmfng pamyfma i ufm ar+oaisx aysya#ecgm,p ag,enapecra(+Nl5,
[d?@:!Free fyirishThe y,n apfhri p*a#e afgs$smaufic pa$s$an,ma 1g $adah ;a,#afgs$ar eaxa(d@?:ah ;8xoa"fqi a?,a
"yspasn$sgfm pamyfmamy afnfi> $ay,n pa& e a& iiag,np eu $afmamy amsh a,#amy afnfipspoapy,&snan,apsnpa
,#apcfea# eh nmfms,na(&ysgya&,ci$ayfu a#,eh $a,efnsgafgs$pafn$asnge h nmpa,#a#e a fgs$sm,[d?@d:od@:b!aTherefore, fiiapfhri pah mamy apmfn$fe$pa pmfqispy $aqamy aCodex q,daA u ,lrregarding #e afgs$sma("fqi a5A%:,
[4:!Water yn sl sThe &fm eag,nm nmaefn $aq m& nab??0afn$ab:0asnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa("fqi a?,oag,sngs$sna
&smyamy aufic pae r,em $aqa/eufnsm,fnnspaet uq.[4b!aand 5fqfmsnsaet uq. (b0,a("fqi a5A%9,[:4!aThe pfhri a&smyamy aysy pmah,spmce ag,nm nmag,ee pr,n$ $am,apfhri ata(y,n ayfeu pm $asna-fegya4b:,afn$amy ai ppa
ychs$apfhri pa& e aafn$abba(y,n payfeu pm $asnaMfncfea4b:,a"yspafii,& $acpam,ag,n=ehamyfmamy a y,n pafnfi> $asnamy are p nmapmc$a& e ayfeu pm $oare,g pp $oafn$apm,e $a,rmshfii[?odobdo49o4od4od9o:9o:?!aThe y,h, n ,cpah,spmce aufic pahfae pr,n$am,ae ifm $aq,mfnsgfia,essnpoayfeu pmsnap fp,noasnm npsma,#a7c1an gmfeoai u ipa,#ahfmcefms,nasnamy aysu oapshsifeahfnsrcifms,naqaq x r epa$cesnayfeu pmsnoafpa& iia
fpa 1mefgms,noare,g ppsnafn$apm,ef ag,n$sms,npoafn$8,ea $frysg% ,efrysgfiag,n$sms,npa(- me,r,ismfna
B s,n,oafn$amy e #,e oagishfmsgapshsifesmamye,cyamy aB s,n[bdod4od?@:4o:d!aThis fii,& $acpam,asn# eamyfmamy e a&fpan,acn$ pse $a# eh nmfms,na,#apcfepasnamy apfhri pa$cesnapm,ef amyfmag,ci$ayfu afim e $amy sea
g,i,ceoagepmfiis>fms,noag,np eufms,noa7fu,ceoapr gs=gaefusmoap,icqsismoafn$auspg,psm[4:o4od9!aThe r eg n%mf a,#aychs$smasnafiiay,n apfhri pafnfi> $asnamyspa&,exaspasnamy a,rmshchaefn oah msnamy apmfn$fe$pa
pr gs= $asnaq,myamy aN,,$a5fnsmfeaB cifms,na(N5B,a(`abt0,a("fqi a5A%d, [::!aand my aCodex q,daA u ,lr(≤ 40,a("fqi a5A%:,[4:!aThe i,&aychs$smar eg nmf a,#alysi fnay,n pag,ci$aq a 1rifsn $aqa#fu,efqi agishfmsgag,n$sms,npoa&ysgyafii,&pahfsnmfsnsnamy a,essnfiafe,hfafn$a7fu,e
[4!Table u sPhysicochemical pAyAhfsfyg l# s f AtAc:fo ltf gAhpcfg7 !Ahpcf thafy biois (hf9EMm)Electrical yn rdysi,ishThe i gmesgfiag,n$cgmsusma(2l,a,#ah,pma,#amy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pa&fpai,& eamyfnatah58gha
("fqi a?,oag,hrfefqi a&smyah,pmay,n pafn$amy seahs1mce p(l,$ 1Ta"fqi a5A%:,[4:!aSamples :oaafn$aa 1ysqsm $aufic pa[atah58gha5sng a2laspae ifm $am,amy afgs$smafn$afpyag,nm nma,#ay,n poaysy ea2la
ufic pa$ m gm $asnamy are us,cpapfhri pag,ci$aq a 1rifsn $aqafaysy eag,nm nma,#a,efnsgafgs$poas,npoa
fn$are,m snpo[d4!aand qamy a,essna,#ay,n $ &[d9o:9!aIt spashr,emfnmam,ae h hq eamyfmapfhri pa:oaoafn$aa& e agifpps= $afpay,n $ &oaqfp $a,namy ae pcimpa,#agsmesgafn$ahfisgafgs$afqcn$fng poar,ii na
s$ nms=gfms,noafn$aA-Bafnfipspa/imy,cyasnamy are p nmapmc$a& a$s$an,ma;cfnms#amy afpyag,nm nmasna
my ay,n apfhri poasmaspar,ppsqi am,asn# eamyfmasmapy,ci$aq an,ehfiasnah,pma,#amy apfhri pa(hf1shchafpya
ufic a,#at0,afgg,e$snam,aN5Bo [::!adue m,amy ar,psmsu ag,ee ifms,naq m& namy are p ng a,#ahsn efipafn$amy a2lChilean y,n apfhri pafnfi> $asnamyspapmc$are p nm $aufic pa,#a+-Nasnamy aefn aam,ata("fqi a9,aAmaspa
r,ppsqi am,a$ $cg amyfma,ceapfhri pa < gmsu iag,ee pr,n$ $am,a#e pyoanfmcefiay,n po [:9!awhich & e an,maf$cim e $oa,u ey fm $oafn$apm,e $a#,eafai,namsh[?o:@:!aA pgy h a,#amy a#,ehfms,na,#a+-Na#e,haicg,p afn$a#ecgm,p a&fpare,r,p $aqaKyf,aet uq. (Nsce a5A%?,
[!aThe ufesfqsisma,qp eu $aq m& napfhri pag,ci$aq a 1rifsn $aqa#fgm,epapcgyafpamy a7,efiap,ceg oah,spmce ag,nm nmoare p ng a,#a,efnsgafgs$pa(gsmesgafgs$,oa
r+oapcfeare,=i a(re $,hsnfng a,#aicg,p a,ea#ecgm,p ,oafn$a&fm eafgmsusm[?od?@d:odto:o:bobo4!aGiven my ai,&aufic pa,#a+-Nasnamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri poaf$cim efms,naqaf$$snasnu em $apecraspaeci $a
,cm[49o9od?@do:o:bo9!aRegarding my afh,cnma,#a+-Noamy afnfi> $ay,n apfhri pah mamy apmfn$fe$pa pmfqispy $asnamy aN5Ba("fqi a5A%d,
[::!aand Codex q,daA u ,lr(≤ ?ah8x,a("fqi a5A%:,[4:!DiastaseThe $sfpmfp afgmsusmoafna n>h amyfmaspanfmcefiiare p nmasnay,n oa&fpasnamy aefn a,#a4t:afn$a?9taaFasna
my apmc$s $apfhri pa"y a$s< e ng pa$ m gm $ag,ci$aq a$c am,anch e,cpa#fgm,epoa&ysgyasngic$ amy afh,cnma
,#an gmfea7,&oamy af a,#amy a pm enay,n aq poamy ar es,$a,#an gmfeag,ii gms,noamy aryps,i,sgfiar es,$a,#a
my ag,i,noamy apcfeag,nm nma,#amy an gmfeoafn$ar,ii nag,npchrms,n[d?@d:o:o:bo?!aBesides, smaspar,ppsqi am,a$ $cg amyfmamy e a&fpan,a,u ey fmsna,#amy ay,n pafn$amyfmamy seag,np eufms,na$ e a&fpaf$ ;cfm
[d!aAbout my a$sfpmfp afgmsusmoafiiay,n pafnfi> $ah mamy apmfn$fe$pa pmfqispy $aqamy aN5Ba("fqi a5A%d,[::!aand Codex q,daA u ,lr(≥ taFQmy acnsmp,a("fqi a5A%:,[4:!ConclusionOur pmc$*paresngsrfiafsha&fpam,ag,nmesqcm am,amy axn,&i $ a,#amy agyfefgm es>fms,na,#alysi fnay,n pa&smya$s< e nma,essnpa/ip,oa& ah fnmam,a$ m ehsn amye,cyamy acmsis>fms,na,#ag,nu nms,nfia
m gyns;c pafn$ancgi feahfn msgae p,nfng a(A-B,oamy arypsg,gy hsgfiare,r ems pa,#amy ay,n pa m,ap,iu as#amy a#ci=ii $amy ae ;cse h nmpa,#amy alysi fnafn$aAnm enfms,nfiae cifms,nafq,cma fcmy nmsgsmafn$a;cfisma,#ahcims7,efiay,n a)ceapfhri pare p nm $arypsg,gy hsgfiare,r ems pa snan,ehfiaefn poafgg,e$snam,amy arfefh m epae r,em $aqamy aCodex q,daA u ,lr(2001) fn$amy a lysi fnaN,,$a5fnsmfeaB cifms,na(b,oafn$amrsgfiapcfeare,=i pa#,eanfmcefiay,n poa&ysgya g,n=ehpamy seafcmy nmsgsma"y ah iisp,rfin,i,sgfiafnfipspafii,& $amy agifpps=gfms,na,#amy a y,n *pa,essna(7,efia,eay,n $ &,oamy as$ nms=gfms,na,#amy ay,n amr a(h,n,7,efia,eahcims7,efi,oa fn$amy ae ifmsu afqcn$fng a,#ar,ii nasnamy apfhri pa[bd!aIn lysi oasmaspan g ppfeam,a$ r namy apmc$afn$ashri h nmfms,na,#amy p apr gs=gafn$ap npsmsu am gyns;c pam,afnfi> a
rypsg,gy hsgfiarfefh m epa,#ah,n,7,efiafn$ahcims7,efiay,n pa#e,haA. daqq,ma ursimilar m,a 2252those re,r,p $asnamy are p nmapmc$oasna,e$ eam,ag,hqsn agesm esfa#,eamy a=nfiare,$cgmagyfefgm e%s>fms,na"yspa&,ci$afii,&am,a$se gma$s< e nmaxsn$pa,#ay,n am,anfms,nfiafn$8,ea#,e snahfex mpafn$a
m,a pmfqispyapr gs=ga;cfismag,nme,iah fpce pam,a npce a#,,$apf# mafn$ap,u e snmAcknowledgementsO. Nc nm pa-,isnfamyfnxpam,aN,n$,a$ a2pmbhci,arfefaHe, gm,pa/gf$Uhsg,pa$ a2pmc$sfnm pa$ aH,pef$,a4boa'sg %ae gm,ea,#aH,pmef$cfm oaf&fe$ $aqamy a)AFal nmefia,#a2$cgfms,nfia5crr,emafn$a. x rsnaB p fegya(l2A/Ha%a3a$ a
lysi ,aHa'cp;c >aEcsmefiamyfnxpam,aHe,I gmaH,p$,gm,efm aAaa9bt9aefnm $aqamy aAfms,nfia/ nga#,ea6 u i,rh nma
fn$aB p fegya(/AA6,oafn$am,a6ea'sgm,esfa5,e,x ea#,eay eae &fe$snag,hh nmpa$cesnamy abdth Conference ,#al)D)55ae p fegyafpp,gsfms,na(re u nms,na,#ay,n aq ag,i,nai,pp p,oa&ysgyapcrr,empae cifea&,expy,rpa#fgsismfmsnae p fegya
$spgcpps,npafn$ag,iifq,efms,naq m& nae,crah hq epa/cmy,epamyfnxau eahcgyam,aq x r epa&y,a$,nfm $amy sea
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