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The Magnet Maze

Whetherȱitȱisȱonȱaȱrefrigeratorȱinȱtheȱkitchen,ȱaȱtoyȱatȱhome,ȱorȱaȱlatchȱonȱaȱdoor,ȱ

children ȱloveȱplayingȱwithȱmagnets.ȱMagnetsȱprovideȱyoungȱlearnersȱanȱ

opportunityȱtoȱexploreȱinvisibleȱforcesȱinȱtheirȱworld,ȱsuchȱasȱattractionȱandȱ

repulsion,ȱandȱigniteȱcuriosityȱasȱtheyȱattemptȱtoȱunderstandȱhowȱtheyȱwork.ȱInȱ

thisȱexperiment,ȱstudentsȱwillȱhaveȱanȱopportunityȱtoȱexploreȱsomeȱofȱtheȱ

propertiesȱofȱmagnets,ȱ andȱuseȱtheirȱknowledgeȱtoȱguideȱaȱpaperȱclipȱthroughȱaȱ maze.ȱ

Materials

Magnets Paper clips Maze template (included below) Cardboard (8.5"x 11") Glue Scissors Metal samples (i.e.: aluminum foil, stainless steel spoon, pennies, steel pot, etc.) Non-metal samples (i.e.: wooden ruler, plastic container, Styrofoam cup, rock, hand-held mirror, etc.)

Directions

1) Printȱoutȱaȱcopyȱofȱtheȱmazeȱforȱeachȱstudent.ȱEachȱpersonȱshouldȱ

receiveȱatȱleastȱtwoȱmagnetsȱandȱoneȱpaperȱclipȱforȱtheȱexperiment.ȱȱ

2) Cutȱoutȱmazeȱtemplateȱandȱglueȱtoȱcardboardȱbase.ȱ

3) PassȱoutȱmetalȱandȱnonȬmetalȱsamplesȱto

ȱgroupsȱofȱstudents.ȱEveryoneȱ

canȱshareȱtheȱsamplesȱandȱtakeȱturnsȱusingȱthemȱamongȱtheȱgroups.ȱ

4) Haveȱeachȱstudentȱtestȱwhatȱkindsȱofȱmaterialsȱmagnetsȱareȱattractedȱ

toȱbyȱplacingȱaȱmagnetȱonȱtheȱmetalȱandȱnonȬmetalȱsamplesȱandȱ

investigatingȱwhetherȱtheyȱattractȱtoȱoneȱanother.ȱȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ

5) Onceȱstudentsȱdetermineȱwhatȱkindsȱofȱmaterialsȱmagnetsȱattractȱtoȱ

(onlyȱcertainȱmetals),ȱhaveȱthemȱtestȱmagnetsȱwithȱotherȱmagnets.ȱ

Theyȱshouldȱlookȱforȱaȱwayȱtoȱbringȱtheȱmagnetsȱtogetherȱthatȱwillȱ

resultȱinȱbothȱaȱpushingȱandȱpullingȱforce.ȱȱ

6) Nowȱthatȱstudentsȱhaveȱinvestigatedȱsomeȱofȱ

theȱqualitiesȱofȱmagnets,ȱ

itȱisȱtimeȱforȱtheȱmagnetȱmaze.ȱStartȱbyȱplacingȱoneȱpaperȱclipȱatȱtheȱ

"start"ȱpoint.ȱ

7) Workingȱinȱpairs,ȱhaveȱoneȱstudentȱholdȱtheȱmazeȱlevel,ȱwhileȱtheȱ

otherȱstudentȱholdsȱaȱmagnetȱunderneathȱtheȱmazeȱandȱpressesȱitȱflushȱ

againstȱtheȱcardboardȱwhereȱthe

ȱpaperȱclipȱisȱresting.ȱ

8) Carefullyȱslideȱtheȱmagnetȱacrossȱtheȱbottomȱofȱtheȱcardboardȱtoȱhelpȱ

guideȱtheȱpaperȱclipȱthroughȱtheȱmaze.ȱ

9) Onceȱtheȱstudentsȱcompleteȱtheȱmaze,ȱtheȱpairȱcanȱswitchȱrolesȱsoȱthatȱ

bothȱstudentsȱhaveȱanȱopportunityȱtoȱsolveȱtheȱmazeȱandȱfeelȱtheȱ

attractiveȱforceȱbetweenȱtheȱpaperȱclipȱandȱtheȱmagnetȱthroughȱtheȱ cardboard.ȱȱȱ ȱ

Background Information

Allȱmagnetsȱhaveȱmagneticȱfieldsȱbecauseȱtheȱmoleculesȱinȱthemȱhaveȱmovingȱ

electrons,ȱwhichȱcreateȱanȱelectricȱcurrent,ȱandȱaccordingȱtoȱMaxwell'sȱEquations,ȱ

movingȱelectricȱchargesȱwillȱcreateȱaȱmagneticȱfield.ȱBasically,ȱeachȱatomȱactsȱlikeȱ

anȱelectromagnet.ȱAlthoughȱthisȱmagneticȱfieldȱisȱinvisible,ȱitȱcanȱbeȱdetectedȱbyȱ

investigatingȱtheȱNorthȱandȱSouthȱpolesȱofȱaȱmagnet,ȱwhichȱareȱproducedȱwhenȱ

theȱmagneticȱfieldsȱalignȱinȱtheȱsameȱway.ȱWhenȱtwoȱlikeȬpolesȱcomeȱintoȱcontactȱ

withȱoneȱanother,ȱtheyȱrepel.ȱConversely,ȱwhenȱtwoȱunlikeȬpoles

ȱcomeȱintoȱ

contactȱwithȱoneȱanother,ȱtheyȱattract.ȱAsȱaȱresult,ȱstudentsȱwillȱnoticeȱthatȱwhenȱ

theyȱbringȱtheirȱmagnetsȱcloseȱtoȱoneȱanother,ȱtheyȱwillȱeitherȱpushȱapartȱorȱpullȱ

towardsȱoneȱanother,ȱdependingȱonȱhowȱtheyȱorientȱtheȱpoles.ȱ ȱ Magnetsȱwillȱalsoȱattractȱtoȱcertainȱkindsȱofȱmetals,ȱ suchȱasȱiron,ȱnickel,ȱsteel,ȱandȱ

cobalt.ȱTheseȱmetalsȱbelongȱtoȱaȱgroupȱcalledȱferromagneticȱmetals,ȱwhichȱcanȱbeȱ

madeȱtoȱactȱlikeȱaȱmagnetȱwhenȱanȱactualȱmagnetȱisȱbroughtȱnear.ȱSinceȱtheȱ

magneticȱfieldsȱareȱoftenȱveryȱstrong,ȱmagnetsȱwillȱstillȱattractȱtoȱtheseȱmetalsȱ

evenȱifȱtheyȱare ȱseparatedȱbyȱanotherȱmaterialȱ(i.e.:ȱcardboard).ȱTheȱimportantȱ

thingȱisȱnotȱthatȱtheȱmagnetȱandȱferromagneticȱmetalȱtouchȱoneȱanother,ȱbutȱthatȱ

theirȱmagneticȱfieldsȱareȱcloseȱenoughȱtoȱcomeȱinȱcontactȱwithȱoneȱanother.ȱ

Asȱstudentsȱworkȱthroughȱthisȱactivity,ȱtheyȱwillȱbeȱableȱtoȱobserveȱtheseȱ

characteristicsȱofȱmagnetsȱandȱmetalsȱinȱaction,ȱbutȱaȱmoreȱadvancedȱ

understandingȱofȱwhatȱisȱgoingȱonȱtheȱmolecularȱlevelȱisȱbetterȱsuitedȱforȱolderȱ

grades.ȱTheȱinclusionȱofȱtheȱmazeȱactivityȱwillȱhelpȱyoungȱlearnersȱcombineȱ

theirȱ

learningȱaboutȱmagnetsȱwithȱtheȱdevelopmentȱofȱproblemȬsolvingȱskills,ȱasȱwellȱ

asȱaidȱthemȱinȱtheȱdevelopmentȱofȱhandȱmusclesȱforȱtheirȱwritingȱskills.ȱ

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