[PDF] Object-Oriented Programming in C++ Fourth Edition





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2D Arrays Practice Exercises

2D Arrays Practice Exercises 6) Rearrange the following lines of code to find the largest value in a 2D ... for(int c = 0; c < arr[r].length; c++){.



C++ and C two dimensional arrays tutorial programming through C

Characters strings and 2D array. 3. Manipulating 2D array elements. 4. Tutorial references that should be used together with this worksheet are C & C++ 



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Exercises: Arrays double[] dblArr = {3.5 6.8



Two-Dimensional Arrays

spreadsheet which need a two-dimensional array. • Examples: • Lab book of multiple readings over Each element in the 2D array must by the same type



Practical C++ Programming

The declaration for a two-dimensional array is: type variable[size1] [size2]; // comment. Example: // a typical matrix int matrix[2][4];. Notice that C++ 



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Parallel Scientific Computing in C++ and MPI George Em Karniadakis Arrays The Plateau Problem Searching in Two Dimensional Sequence The Welfare Crook ...



Efficient Processing of Two-Dimensional Arrays with C or C++

Understanding C and C++ Syntax for Two-Dimensional Arrays . on runtime data for a suite of test programs using 32-bit or. 64-bit memory addressing under ...



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30 août 2022 efficient implementations in languages such as C++ and Java. ... Searching two-dimensional sorted array Hamming Problem Constant Time Range ...



Object-Oriented Programming in C++ Fourth Edition

C++ Precedence Table and Keywords 859 Answers to Questions and Exercises 913. H. Bibliography 977. Index 981 ... Multidimensional Arrays .



Solutions to Exercises

C and C++ languages to shorten the learning curve for C/C++ developers. A ragged array is a two-dimensional array in which each row can have a.



Two Dimensional Array Practice Problems

Two Dimensional Array Practice Problems Write a static method that takes in a two dimensional array and find the value of the largest number stored in that array Ask the user to enter the number of rows and columns for the array in main then read in the values into the array



Electrical Engineering

When declaring a two-dimensional array as a formal parameter we can omit the size of the first dimension but not the second; that is we must specify the number of columns For example: void print(int A[][3] int N int M) In order to pass to this function an array declared as: int arr[4][3]; we need to write a call like this: print(arr);



2D Arrays Practice Exercises - University of Pennsylvania

2D Arrays Practice Exercises int[][] ticketInfo = {{252025} {252025}}; String[][] seatingInfo = {{"Jamal" "Maria"} {"Jake" "Suzy"} {"Emma" "Luke"}}; What is the value at seatingInfo[2][1];? int value = ticketInfo[1][0]; what is the value of value? String name = seatingInfo[0][1]; What is the value of name?



Arrays in C/C++ - City University of New York

the starting address of the array array and each element is 4 bytes long the elements are at addresses B B +4 B +8 B +12 and so on and in general element array[k] is at address B +12k Although C and C++ allow the size expression to be ariablev you should not use a ariablev for reasons

  • Example 1: Two Dimensional Array

    Output In the above example, we have initialized a two-dimensional int array named testthat has 3 "rows" and 2 "columns". Here, we have used the nested forloop to display the array elements. 1. the outer loop from i == 0 to i == 2access the rows of the array 2. the inner loop from j == 0 to j == 1access the columns of the array Finally, we print th...

  • Example 2: Taking Input For Two Dimensional Array

    Output Here, we have used a nested for loop to take the input of the 2d array. Once all the input has been taken, we have used another nested forloop to print the array members.

What is 2 dimensional array in C++?

2 Dimensional Arrays. 2-dimensional arrays provide most of this capability. Like a 1D array, a 2D array is a collection of data cells, all of the same type, which can be given a single name. However, a 2D array is organized as a matrix with a number of rows and columns.

How do three dimensional arrays work?

Three-dimensional arrays also work in a similar way. For example: This array x can hold a maximum of 24 elements. We can find out the total number of elements in the array simply by multiplying its dimensions: Like a normal array, we can initialize a multidimensional array in more than one way. 1. Initialization of two-dimensional array

How many elements can a two dimensional array hold?

Here, x is a two-dimensional array. It can hold a maximum of 12 elements. We can think of this array as a table with 3 rows and each row has 4 columns as shown below. Three-dimensional arrays also work in a similar way. For example: This array x can hold a maximum of 24 elements.

How many rows are in a 3 dimensional array?

This array has 2 rows and 3 columns, which is why we have two rows of elements with 3 elements each. 2. Initialization of three-dimensional array This is not a good way of initializing a three-dimensional array.

Robert Lafore

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Object-Oriented Programming in C++,

Fourth Edition

00 3087 FM 11/29/01 2:15 PM Page i

Copyright2002 by Sams Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the pub- lisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the informat ion contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

International Standard Book Number: 0-672-32308-7

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001094813

Printed in the United States of America

First Printing: December 2001

040302014321

Trademarks

All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Sams Publishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

Warning and Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an "as is" basis. The author and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book.

EXECUTIVEEDITOR

Michael Stephens

ACQUISITIONSEDITOR

Michael Stephens

MANAGINGEDITOR

Matt Purcell

PROJECTEDITORS

Angela Boley

Christina Smith

INDEXER

Rebecca Salerno

PROOFREADER

Matt Wynalda

TECHNICALEDITOR

Mark Cashman

TEAMCOORDINATOR

Pamalee Nelson

MEDIADEVELOPER

Dan Scherf

INTERIORDESIGNER

Gary Adair

COVERDESIGNER

Alan Clements

PAGELAYOUT

Ayanna Lacey

00 3087 FM 11/29/01 2:15 PM Page ii

Overview

Introduction1

1The Big Picture9

2C++ Programming Basics29

3Loops and Decisions75

4Structures131

5Functions161

6Objects and Classes215

7Arrays and Strings263

8Operator Overloading319

9Inheritance371

10 Pointers429

11 Virtual Functions503

12 Streams and Files567

13 Multifile Programs633

14 Templates and Exceptions681

15 The Standard Template Library725

16 Object-Oriented Software Development801

AASCII Chart849

BC++ Precedence Table and Keywords859

CMicrosoft Visual C++863

DBorland C++Builder871

EConsole Graphics Lite881

FSTL Algorithms and Member Functions895

GAnswers to Questions and Exercises913

HBibliography977

Index981

00 3087 FM 11/29/01 2:15 PM Page iii

Contents

Introduction 1

1The Big Picture 9

Why Do We Need Object-Oriented Programming?..............................10 Procedural Languages ......................................................................10 The Object-Oriented Approach........................................................13 Characteristics of Object-Oriented Languages......................................16 ......................16 ......................18 ................18 ................21 Creating New Data Types ................................................................21 Polymorphism and Overloading ......................................................21 C++ and C........................................................................ ......................22 Laying the Groundwork ........................................................................ 23
The Unified Modeling Language (UML)..............................................23 ........................25 .................................25

2C++ Programming Basics 29

Getting Started ........................................................................ ..............30 Basic Program Construction..................................................................30 Functions ........................................................................ ..................31 Program Statements........................................................................ ..32 ..........................33

Output Using

........33 String Constants........................................................ ........................34 Directives ........................................................................ ......................35 Preprocessor Directives....................................................................35 Header Files........................................................................ ..............35 The ..36 ......................36 Comment Syntax........................................................................ ......36 When to Use Comments ..................................................................37 Alternative Comment Syntax ..........................................................37 Integer Variables ........................................................................ ............38 Defining Integer Variables................................................................38 Declarations and Definitions............................................................40 Variable Names ........................................................................ ........40 Assignment Statements ....................................................................40

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Integer Constants........................................................................ ......41 Output Variations........................................................................ ......41 The endlManipulator ......................................................................41 Other Integer Types........................................................................ ..42 Character Variables........................................................................ ........42 Character Constants........................................................................ ..43 ..............44 Escape Sequences ........................................................................ ....44

Input with

................45 Variables Defined at Point of Use....................................................47

Cascading

............47 Expressions ........................................................................ ..............47 ................47 Floating Point Types........................................................................ ......48 Type ................48 Type doubleandlong double........................................................49 Floating-Point Constants..................................................................50 The ..51 The Type ......................51 The ....52 Cascading the Insertion Operator ....................................................54 Multiple Definitions ........................................................................ 54
The IOMANIPHeader File..................................................................54 Variable Type Summary ........................................................................ 54
unsignedData Types........................................................................ 55
Type Conversion........................................................................ ............56 Automatic Conversions ....................................................................57 ...............................58 Arithmetic Operators ........................................................................ ....60 The Remainder Operator..................................................................61 Arithmetic Assignment Operators....................................................61 Increment Operators ........................................................................ 63
Library Functions ........................................................................ ..........65 Header Files........................................................................ ..............66 Library Files ........................................................................ ............66 Header Files and Library Files ........................................................67

Two Ways to Use

........................68 .................................69 ........................71

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OBJECT-ORIENTEDPROGRAMMING INC++, FOURTHEDITON

vi

3Loops and Decisions 75

Relational Operators........................................................................ ......76 ...................................78 The ............78 Debugging Animation ......................................................................84 forLoop Variations........................................................................ ..84 The ........86 Precedence: Arithmetic and Relational Operators ..........................89 The ..............91 When to Use Which Loop................................................................93 ........................93 The ......94 The if...elseStatement ................................................................98 The The switchStatement ....................................................................107 The Conditional Operator ..............................................................111 Logical Operators ........................................................................ ........114

Logical

5

Logical

116

Logical

7 Precedence Summary ........................................................................ ..118 Other Control Statements ....................................................................118 The breakStatement ......................................................................11 9 The continueStatement ................................................................121 The 123
......................123 ...............................124 ......................126

4Structures 131

Structures ........................................................................ ....................132 A Simple Structure ........................................................................ 132
Defining the Structure....................................................................133 Defining a Structure Variable ........................................................134 Accessing Structure Members........................................................136 Other Structure Features ................................................................137 A Measurement Example ..............................................................139 Structures Within Structures ..........................................................141 A Card Game Example ..................................................................145 Structures and Classes....................................................................148 Enumerations ........................................................................ ..............148 Days of the Week........................................................................ ....148 One Thing or Another ....................................................................151

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CONTENTS

vii Organizing the Cards......................................................................15 3 Specifying Integer Values ..............................................................155 Not Perfect........................................................................ ..............155 Other Examples........................................................................ ......155 ......................156 ...............................156 ......................158

5Functions 161

Simple Functions ........................................................................ ........162 The Function Declaration ..............................................................164 Calling the Function ......................................................................16 4 The Function Definition ................................................................164 Comparison with Library Functions ..............................................166 Eliminating the Declaration............................................................166 Passing Arguments to Functions..........................................................167 Passing Constants ........................................................................ ..167 Passing Variables........................................................................ ....169 Passing by Value ........................................................................ ....170 Structures as Arguments ................................................................171quotesdbs_dbs17.pdfusesText_23
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