[PDF] Phrase Structure Phrase Structure Rules





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Phrase & Clause PPT

Phrase. Not a full sentence. Not a complete thought. Prepositional phrase. Adjective phrase. Adverb phrase. Noun Phrase. Verb phrase.



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The rules of syntax also specify the grammatical relations of a sentence such as the subject and such as a noun phrase or a prepositional phrase (PP) ...



Formal and functional grammar ppt

Forms of a language according to the internal grammatical structure of words. phrase structure and parts of the PPT speech functional unit ... a ...



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In order to punctuate sentences correctly and avoid fragments we need to know the difference between two kinds of word groups: phrases and clauses.



TKT Glossary - Cambridge English

This glossary includes words and phrases for teaching knowledge connected to language In English grammar



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cation meanings and translate each SL word or phrase into an identical word or phrase in the TL with the same number grammatical class and type of language 



Lesson Plan: Using Signal Words and Phrases Introduction to

Materials needed: Laptop LCD projector



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term that describes any type of advertising that reaches the construction of advertisements to convey meaning. ... slogans and catchy phrases. Down Down.



9 Phrases

complexities associated with each type of phrase. Whenever such complexi- head determines the phrase's grammatical category: if the head is a noun.



Grammar: Parallel Structure

Success at university depends on attending classes reviewing your notes



The Different Types of Phrases - Del Mar College

phrase is a group of related words that does not contain both a subject and verb There are two main types of phrases: prepositional and verbal There are three types of verbal phrases: infinitive participial and gerund



The Different Types of Phrases - Del Mar College

The four basic typesof sentences—simple compound complex and compound-complex—use phrases and clauses in varying degrees of complexity The Phrase phraseis any group of related words that unlike a sentence has no subject-predicate combination The words in a phrase act together so thatthe phrase itself functions as a single part of speech



Phrase Structure Phrase Structure Rules

Phrases Phrases 1 The Phrase 1 The Noun Phrase (NP) 2 The Adjective Phrase (AdjP) and Adverb Phrase (AdvP) 2 3 The Verb Phrase (VP) 4 The Prepositional Phrase (PP) 2 Phrases in the Sentence 3 Coordination of Phrases 4 Finding Phrases 5 Building Trees Phrase Structure • A phrase is a syntactic unit headed by a lexical category such as



9 Phrases - WAC Clearinghouse

Our discussion here will treat the five major phrase types in English: 1 Adverb Phrase (AdvP) 2 Prepositional Phrase (PP) 3 Adjective Phrase (AP) 4 Noun Phrase (NP) 5 Verb Phrase (VP) We will discuss each of the five types in a similar way



Searches related to types of phrases in english grammar ppt PDF

Adjective & Adverb Phrases An ADJECTIVE PHRASE is a prepositional phrase that is used to modify a noun An ADVERB PHRASE is a prepositional phrase that is used to modify a verb or other adverb Noun and Verb Phrases Noun phrases are groups of words that act as nouns (lots you’ll learn later!)

What are the different types of phrases?

Two Types of Phrases: 1. Prepositional Phrase It begins with a preposition and includes the object, plus any modifiers. prep. obj. Ex : The dog ran across the field ? A prepositional phrase functions as an adjective (describing a noun) or adverb (telling where, when, why, how, or to what degree.) 2. Verbal Phrase

What is a phrase in PowerPoint?

PowerPoint Presentation * * * * * Definition A phrase is a group of words that function as a unit (as modifier or noun). A phrase lacks a subject, predicate, or both. We will review three types of phrases: prepositional, appositive, and verbal.

What is a phrase in linguistics?

A phrase is a syntactic unit headed by a lexical category such as Noun, Adjective, Adverb, Verb, or Preposition. Phrases are named for their heads: The new student from Hungary quite happily The Phrase The Noun Phrase (NP) The Adjective Phrase (AdjP) and Adverb Phrase (AdvP) The Verb Phrase (VP) The Prepositional Phrase (PP)

What are the 4 types of sentences?

The four basic typesof sentences—ssimple, compound, complex, and compound-complex—use phrases and clauses in varying degrees of complexity. phraseis any group of related words that, unlike a sentence, has no subject-predicate combination. The words in a phrase act together so thatthe phrase itself functions as a single part of speech.

1PhrasesPhrases

1. The Phrase

1. The Noun Phrase (NP)

2. The Adjective Phrase (AdjP) and Adverb Phrase

(AdvP) 2 (AdvP)

3. The Verb Phrase (VP)

4. The Prepositional Phrase (PP)

2. Phrases in the Sentence

3. Coordination of Phrases

4. Finding Phrases

5. Building TreesPhrase Structure

• A phrase is a syntactic unit headed by a lexical category such as Noun, Adjective,

Adverb

, Verb, or Preposition. 3 ,, p • Phrases are named for their heads: •NP •VP •AdjP •AdvP •PPPhrase Structure Rules •... are generative. • ... give different analyses of ttill bi t4 syntactically ambiguous sentences. • ... have a hierarchical structure. • ... allow recursion.Phrases •NP • The new student from Hungary AdjP 5 •AdjP •so beautiful •AdvP • quite happilyPhrases •VP • ate the cake •sat in the yard seemed very quiet 6 seemed very quiet •PP •in the yard • with glasses • under the apple tree •S •They left. • She bit her tongue. 2

Phrase Structure Rules

are Generative • Use a finite set of rules and elements to produce an infinite set of grammatical sentences. E.g., 7 •NP(D) N (PP) •PPP NP (PP) • Routine, family, fishing • The president, a member, the contenders • Time with family, the University of Wisconsin, a budget for the State of Wisconsin

Phrase Structure

and Ambiguity

1. The journalist interviewed the actor in

a tuxedo.

2The journalist interviewed

8

2.The journalist interviewed

NP the actor in a tuxedo].

3. The journalist interviewed

NP the actor] [ PP in a tuxedo].

4. The journalist interviewed

NP the actor [ PP in a tuxedo]].

Phrase Structure Rules are

Hierarchical

• In (3), the VP interviewed the actor in a tuxedois th th f th PP 9 the mother of the PP in a tuxedo • The PP in a tuxedo is the daughter of the VP interviewed the actor.

Phrase Structure Rules are

Hierarchical

• In (4) the N' actor in a tuxedois the mother of the PP in 10 a tuxedo. • The PP in a tuxedo is the daughter of the N' actor in a tuxedo.

Phrase Structure Rules are

Hierarchical

• In (3), the VP is interviewed the actor in a tuxedo. 11 • The V' interviewed the actorand the PP in a tuxedo are sisters.

Phrase Structure Rules are

Hierarchical

• In (4), the NP is the actor in a tuxedo. 12 •The NP actorand the PP in a tuxedo are sisters. 3

Phrase Structure Rules Allow

Recursion

•NP(D) N (PP) 13 •PPP NP (PP)

Phrase Structure Rules Allow

Recursion

•The frogs •The frogs on the log 14 • The frogs on the bump on the log •The frogs on the bump on the log in the pond • The frogs on the bump on the log in the middle of the pond

Phrase Structure Rules Allow

Recursion

•The frogs •The frogs [ PP on the log] 15 •The frogs [ PP on the bump [ PP on the log]] •The frogs [ PP on the bump [ PP on the log [ PP in the pond]]] •The frogs [ PP on the bump [ PP on the log [ PP in the middle [ PP of the pond]]]]

Phrase Structure Rules Allow

Recursion

•S NP VP •VP V S •The jury decided the 16 •The jury decided the defendant was guilty.

Tests for Phrases

Three Tests for Phrases

1. Pronominalization

18

2. Coordination

3. Movement

4

Pronominalization

1. Many people I know like

armadillos.

2My nextdoor neighbors

19

2.My next-door neighbors

keep an armadillo as a pet.

3. The other people on the

street think that my next- door neighbors are weird.

Pronominalization

4. But my next-door

neighbors haven't told the other 20 people on the street about the three-toed sloth asleep in their maple tree.

Pronominalization

1. Many people I know

like armadillos.

2My next-door

21

2.My nextdoor

neighbors keep [ NP an armadillo] as a pet.

3. The other people on

the street think that [ NP my next-door neighbors] are weird.

Pronominalization

4. But [

NP my next- door neighbors] haven't told NP the 22
NP other people on the street] about NP the three-toed sloth asleep in their maple tree].

Three Tests for Phrases

Pronominalization

23

2. Coordination

3. Movement

Coordination

• Coordination is the process by which two words or phrases are connected by a conjunction 24
a conjunction. • Conjunctions: FANBOYS •For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So 5

Coordinated Clauses

• I talked to the mechanic and I took a close look at the car. 25

Coordinated VPs

• I listened to him and kicked the tires. 26

Coordinated NPs

• The car didn't have tail lights or windshield wipers. 27

Coordinated PPs

• The owner hadn't parked it in a garage but on the street. 28

Coordination

• Is this coordination? • The car was in such bad shape that I decided not to buy it. 29

Coordination

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