The Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2021
to account for clustering within countries (b = .06 p = .01). Included markets are UK
Guide to Eurostat culture statistics 2018 edition
force survey (EU-LFS) and structural business statistics (SBS). France have included the overseas departments except Mayotte (i.e. Guadeloupe ...
The Least Developed Countries Report 2020: Productive Capacities
B. The UNCTAD productive capacities index . The cut-off date for pandemic statistics for this report is 2. September 2020.
Integrated management of micro-databases
on Central Bank Statistics. IFC Bulletin. No 37. Integrated management of micro-databases. Deepening business intelligence within.
Annual Report 2021-22
03-Mar-2022 b) Under the existing process Physical claims are ... Sub centres based on Rural Health Statistics shows ... Shiv Kant Jha Vs UOI.
Competition Issues in Television and Broadcasting 2013
28-Oct-2013 broadcasting through ownership or funding of TV stations. ... at: http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/broadcast/issue-no120-0/top-story/ ...
The Impact of Digital Platforms on News and Journalistic Content
+Centre+for+Media+Transition+(2).pdf
Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual and Compilation Guide (IMF)
02-May-2022 Scope and Uses of Monetary and Financial Statistics. 7. A. Scope. 7. B. Monetary Statistics. 7. C. Financial Statistics.
Business Economics (FndProg).pdf
Part-B. Elementary Statistics. There is computer based examinations for Foundation Programme of CS he should not get news of an unexpected change in his.
European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition
01-Jan-2021 and Olivier Haag (France) Fred Demollin
MANUALS AND
GUIDELINES
European Business
Statistics Manual
2021 edition
European Business
Statistics Manual
2021 edition
Manuscript completed in January 2021
The European Commission is not liable for any consequence stemming from the reuse of this publication.
Luxembourg: Publications Oce of the European Union, 2021© European Union, 2021
The reuse policy of European Commission documents is implemented based on Commission Decision2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39).
Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under a Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is
allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated.For any use or reproduction of elements that are not owned by the European Union, permission may need
to be sought directly from the respective rightholders. The European Union does not own the copyright in
relation to the following elements:Front cover: WordClouds.com; administrative boundaries - ©-EuroGeographics ©-UN-FAO ©-Turkstat.
Theme: Industry, trade and services
Collection: Manuals and guidelines
PDF ISBN 978-92-76-28757-5 ISSN 2315-0815 doi:10.2785/50198 KS-GQ-21-001-EN-NForeword
5 European Business Statistics Manual 2021 editionForeword
European business statistics (EBS) cover the structure, economic activities and performance of businesses, their research
and development as well as innovation activities, their information and communication technologies (ICT) usage and e-commerce, and global value chains. They also comprise statistics on the production of manufactured goods and services
and the international trade in goods and services as well as essential statistical infrastructure such as
national statisticalbusiness registers and the EuroGroups register. EBS provide users and key policymakers with much needed information
for decision-making or for analytical purposes.The consolidation of EBS took a significant leap forward with the adoption of the first encompassing EBS Regulation in
November 2019, after many years of hard work aiming to pull together the various statistical domains into a coherent legal
framework, facilitating improved consistency and harmonisation across all business statistics.This manual seeks to serve statistical
experts and users alike as a comprehensive reference to the world of EBS byproviding an overview of business statistics while highlighting the features introduced by the new regulatory framework.
Furthermore, the manual describes the various statistical tools and activities supporting EBS production such as statistical units and profiling, classifications, data processing or statistical disclosure control. The EBS manual was drafted by a number of Eurostat experts in consultation with national experts. Eurostat appreciates the contributions of all participants.Sophie Limpach
Director
Directorate G
Business and trade statistics
Eurostat
Acknowledgements
European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition 6Acknowledgements
This manual is the result of close collaboration between Eurostat and national experts in the area of business and trade
statistics. The EBS manual builds on an earlier version of the manual disseminated as a series of Statistics Explained articles.
Eurostat would like to take the opportunity to thank the numerous contributors to the EBS manual in various roles:
authors, reviewers, experts involved in the update and in preparatory work for the publication of the
manual. Their work and efforts ensured the successful completion of the manual.European Commission: Petra Sneijers, Merja Rantala, Ulrich Eidmann, Enrica Morganti, Vincent Hecquet, Zsolt Volfinger,
Agne Bikauskaite, Alexandru Gherasim,
Håkan Linden, Thomas Jaegers, Michaela Grell, Gregor Kyi, Veijo Ritola, Georgios Papadopoulos, Aleksandra Bujnowska,
Wim Kloek, Danny Delcambre, Ana Franco Lopes, Hubertus Cloodt, Edward Cook, Michael Whatling, Vincent Tronet, Luca
Gramaglia, Henk Nijmeijer, Louise Corselli-Nordblad, Lucie Peterkova, Annika Bortin, Fiona Graham, Darren Heath, Helen
Dobby and David Alford.
National experts: Vassiliki Benaki and Christina Karamichalakou (Greece), Peter Bøegh Nielsen (Denmark), Christel Colin
and Olivier Haag (France), Fred Demollin, Free Florquin and Thomas Werkhoven (Nether lands), Alison Pritchard (UnitedKingdom), Katarzyna Walkowska (Poland), Joachim Weisbrod, Carsten Schumann and Natascha Herzog (Germany), Mari
Table of contents
7 European Business Statistics Manual 2021 editionTable of contents
Foreword ................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................. 6
1. European business statistics manual - contents and introduction......................................................... 13
1.1. Introduction to business statistics ................................................................................................................................................... 14
1.2. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 20
2. Business statistics - scope and main concepts ......................................................................................... 21
2.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 22
2.2. Scope of business statistics ................................................................................................................................................................. 22
2.3. Target statistical population of business statistics and the business register ............................................................... 23
2.4. Operational rules for the market/non-market delimitation .................................................................................................. 24
2.5. Key concepts and cost-effective production ............................................................................................................................... 27
2.6. Business statistics as building blocks for national accounts (and the balance of payments) .................................. 34
2.7. Special topic - globalisation and potential impacts on consistency and
coverage in business statistics ........................................................................................................................................................... 36
2.8. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 38
2.9. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
3. Legal and non-legal measures in business statistics ................................................................................. 39
3.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
3.2. Legal and non-legal instruments for statistics in general ...................................................................................................... 40
3.3. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 50
3.4. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
4. Business registers ......................................................................................................................................... 51
4.1. Population and records ........................................................................................................................................................................ 52
4.2. Recorded variables ................................................................................................................................................................................. 52
4.3. Use of national statistical business registers ............................................................................................................................... 52
4.4. Context ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 53
4.5. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 54
4.6. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
5. EuroGroups register ..................................................................................................................................... 55
5.1. Main findings ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 56
5.2. Context ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 57
5.3. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 58
5.4. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Table of contents
European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition 86. Profiling in business statistics ...................................................................................................................... 59
6.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 61
6.2. What's new? .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 62
6.3. The top-down approach ..................................................................................................................................................................... 62
6.4. Units and terminology in European profiling ............................................................................................................................. 63
6.5. Different countries working together ............................................................................................................................................ 64
6.6. Profiling types .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
6.7. Impact of profiling ................................................................................................................................................................................. 66
6.8. The interactive profiling tool ............................................................................................................................................................. 67
6.9. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 68
6.10. Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
7. Statistical units ............................................................................................................................................. 69
7.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 71
7.2. What's new? .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 71
7.3. The enterprise .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
7.4. Enterprise group ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 75
7.5. Kind-of-activity unit ............................................................................................................................................................................... 77
7.6. Local unit ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 79
7.7. Local kind-of-activity unit ................................................................................................................................................................... 80
7.8. Ancillary activities () ............................................................................................................................................................................... 81
7.9. Statistical units per domain................................................................................................................................................................ 84
7.10. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 84
7.11. Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
8. Classifications in business statistics ............................................................................................................ 85
8.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 86
8.2. What are statistical classifications, and why do we need them? ........................................................................................ 86
8.3. Family of international statistical classifications ....................................................................................................................... 87
8.4. Integrated system of economic classifications .......................................................................................................................... 89
8.5. Central role played by the harmonised system and the combined nomenclature .................................................... 90
8.6. How are products and statistical units assigned to classifications? .................................................................................. 91
8.7. Categorisation of classifications for business statistics .......................................................................................................... 93
8.8. Revisions planned (as of November 2020) ................................................................................................................................... 93
8.9. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................... 94
8.10. Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
Table of contents
9 European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition9. Data sources for business statistics ............................................................................................................ 95
9.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 96
9.2. Surveys ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 97
9.3. Reusing external data sources ........................................................................................................................................................... 97
9.4. Microdata exchange ........................................................................................................................................................................... 102
9.5. Microdata linking ................................................................................................................................................................................. 105
9.6. Reporting requirements .................................................................................................................................................................... 106
9.7. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 106
9.8. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
10. Processing methods in business statistics (at national level) ................................................................. 107
10.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 108
10.2. Design of the process ......................................................................................................................................................................... 108
10.3. Design of questionnaires .................................................................................................................................................................. 109
10.4. Target business population (survey frame) ............................................................................................................................... 110
10.5. Selecting samples ................................................................................................................................................................................ 110
10.6. Data collection ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
10.7. Checking and cleaning microdata ................................................................................................................................................ 112
10.8. Imputing missing values ................................................................................................................................................................... 113
10.9. Estimating aggregated totals (output data) ............................................................................................................................. 114
10.10. Improving cross-domain comparability and consistency ................................................................................................... 115
10.11. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 116
10.12. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
11811. Data validation in business statistics ........................................................................................................ 119
11.1. Framework for data validation ....................................................................................................................................................... 121
11.2. Target state for validation in the ESS ........................................................................................................................................... 127
11.3. EU Member State implementation ............................................................................................................................................... 129
11.4. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 133
11.5. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 133
11.6. Supplement - example of a validation rule for STS expressed in VTL 1.1 .................................................................. 134
12. Reference metadata in business statistics ................................................................................................ 135
12.1. What is metadata? ............................................................................................................................................................................... 136
12.2. How to process metadata in the ESS? ......................................................................................................................................... 137
12.3. ESS metadata handler ........................................................................................................................................................................ 138
12.4. Reference metadata on cross-domain coherence in business statistics ....................................................................... 138
12.5. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 139
12.6. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 139
Table of contents
European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition 1013. Data exchange in business statistics (part 1) - EDAMIS ......................................................................... 141
13.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 142
13.2. Main features of EDAMIS ................................................................................................................................................................... 142
13.3. Transmission tools ............................................................................................................................................................................... 143
13.4. Support ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 143
13.5. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................. 144
13.6. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 144
14. Data exchange in business statistics (part 2) - SDMX............................................................................. 145
14.1. What is SDMX? ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 146
14.2. Why is SDMX used?.............................................................................................................................................................................. 148
14.3. Who uses SDMX? .................................................................................................................................................................................. 148
14.4. How is SDMX implemented? ........................................................................................................................................................... 149
14.5. Where can information about the status of SDMX in different statistical domains be found? ............................ 149
14.6. Principles for data exchange standards under the provisions of the EBS Regulation ............................................. 150
14.7. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................. 153
14.8. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 153
15. Data requirements for business statistics ................................................................................................. 155
15.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 156
15.2. Data requirements by domain ........................................................................................................................................................ 156
15.3. An integrated approach .................................................................................................................................................................... 171
15.4. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................. 173
15.5. Contacts ...................................................................................................................................................................................................
17316. Production of European aggregates ......................................................................................................... 175
16.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 176
16.2. Aggregation under perfect conditions ....................................................................................................................................... 177
16.3. Aggregation under imperfect conditions .................................................................................................................................. 177
16.4. Confidentiality ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 178
16.5. Domain-specific characteristics ...................................................................................................................................................... 179
16.6. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................. 180
16.7. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 180
Table of contents
11 European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition17. Statistical disclosure control ..................................................................................................................... 181
17.1. The ESS and European statistics .................................................................................................................................................... 183
17.2. Legal rules on statistical disclosure control............................................................................................................................... 183
17.3. Statistical units in business statistics ............................................................................................................................................ 187
17.4. Statistical disclosure control in different types of output
(tables, microdata files, regression models, graphs, maps and so on) ........................................................................... 187
17.5. Statistical disclosure control rules and methods for protecting data in tables .......................................................... 189
17.6. Statistical disclosure control for business microdata ............................................................................................................ 193
17.7. Statistical disclosure control tools ................................................................................................................................................ 197
17.8. Confidential data transmission between national statistical authorities and Eurostat
(flags and meta-information) .......................................................................................................................................................... 197
17.9. Statistical disclosure control aspects in confidential data exchange ............................................................................. 200
17.10. Risk management ('5 safes' model) .............................................................................................................................................. 201
17.11. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 201
17.12. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 201
18. Dissemination of business statistics ......................................................................................................... 203
18.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 204
18.2. Channels for publishing statistics ................................................................................................................................................. 204
18.3. Data revision policies and practices ............................................................................................................................................. 205
18.4. Standard code lists .............................................................................................................................................................................. 206
18.5. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 207
18.6. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 207
19. Microdata service for researchers ............................................................................................................. 209
19.1. The ESS and European statistics .................................................................................................................................................... 210
19.2. Confidential data and microdata ................................................................................................................................................... 210
19.3. Access to ESS microdata released by Eurostat ......................................................................................................................... 211
19.4. How Eurostat prepares ESS microdata ........................................................................................................................................ 216
19.5. Anonymising microdata .................................................................................................................................................................... 217
19.6. Organising access to microdata within the ESS ...................................................................................................................... 218
19.7. Conclusions and future outlook..................................................................................................................................................... 218
19.8. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 218
19.9. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 218
20. Detailed domain-specific methodologies ................................................................................................ 219
20.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 220
20.2. EBS domains on Statistics Explained ............................................................................................................................................ 220
20.3. Links between EBS domains and tables and topics that form
part of the EBS general implementing act ................................................................................................................................. 220
20.4. Further information ............................................................................................................................................................................ 225
20.5. Contacts ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 225
Table of contents
European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition 12Annexes.................................................................................................................................................................. 227
Annex I
EBS Regulation - general implementing act (EBS GIA) - data requirements .............................. 233
Section 1 EBS GIA data requirements business statistics domains, topics anddetailed topics correspondence with the repealed legal acts ............................................................................ 233
Section 2 - EBS GIA data requirements - tables ............................................................................................................................ 242
Section 3 - EBS GIA data requirements - main industrial groupings (MIGs) ..................................................................... 314
Section 4 - EBS GIA data requirements - simplifications ........................................................................................................... 317
Section 5 - EBS GIA data requirements - Annex VIII data requirements for theEuropean framework for statistical business registers ........................................................................................... 323
Section 6 - EBS GIA data requirements - Annex IX data requirements ............................................................................... 328
Section 7 - EBS GIA - definitions .......................................................................................................................................................... 343
Annex II
EBS Regulation - general implementing act (EBS GIA) - new requirements (deltas) ................ 375
Section 1 EBS GIA new requirements (deltas) short-term business statistics new requirements and transition from the STS Regulation ................................................................................ 375Section 2 - EBS GIA new requirements (deltas) - tables ............................................................................................................ 401
Section 3 - EBS GIA new requirements (deltas) - new variables fornational statistical business registers (deltas)............................................................................................................ 435
Section 4 - EBS GIA new requirements (deltas) - new variables for the exchange of confidential data
for the purpose of the European framework for statistical business registers (deltas) ............................ 437
1 European business statistics manual - contents and introduction
13 European Business Statistics Manual 2021 edition1. European business statistics manual - contents and introduction
Preface
European business statistics (EBS) are governed by a cross-cutting legal framework for the collection, compilation,
transmission and dissemination of European statistics on the structure, economic activity, competitiveness, global
transactions and performance of businesses. The European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 of 27
November 2019
on European business statistics (hereafter, the EBS Regulation), repealing 10 legal acts in the field of
business statistics, was adopted on 27 November 2019.The EBS manual provides a detailed description of EBS, including how they are compiled and the methodologies behind
them and is divided into 20 chapters and two annexes, each covering a specific part of the statistical process behind EBS.
This is the first official consolidated version of the EBS manual, which was already pre-released before the adoption of the
legal act as adynamic set of Statistics Explained articles. The manual also reflects the developments introduced by the EBS
Regulation.
The dynamic version of the manual will be updated periodically, whereas this static methodological publication will only
be updated when significant changes are required. Links to the more frequently updated articles are provided throughout
the manual.Table of contents
quotesdbs_dbs25.pdfusesText_31
[PDF] B-TOUCH BVA VW COMMERCIAL VEHICLES SPECIAL GATEWAY - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] B-Tronic
[PDF] B. Activités artistiques : la Renaissance.
[PDF] B. AND H. MARINE CONSULTANTS « CHARTE
[PDF] B. Barcos et J. Thévenot - Santé Et Remise En Forme
[PDF] B. Braun lance le lecteur Omnitest® 3 : nouveau système de mesure - Conception
[PDF] B. D. De Dietrich et Brandt 2006 - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] b. demande d`autorisation pour l`organisation d`un tournoi de poker
[PDF] B. Kelleher : «Mon haka n`a d`autre but que d`aider les enfants - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] b. les types de graphique - Ordinateur
[PDF] b. service etat civil - France
[PDF] B. Théories, approches et modèles de la traduction au XXe siècle
[PDF] b. Umgang mit ADHS (FCP) Allgemein
[PDF] B. VHC - Dr Batel - TRT-5 - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] B. Widerrufsformular
[PDF] B-Tronic
[PDF] B. Activités artistiques : la Renaissance.
[PDF] B. AND H. MARINE CONSULTANTS « CHARTE
[PDF] B. Barcos et J. Thévenot - Santé Et Remise En Forme
[PDF] B. Braun lance le lecteur Omnitest® 3 : nouveau système de mesure - Conception
[PDF] B. D. De Dietrich et Brandt 2006 - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] b. demande d`autorisation pour l`organisation d`un tournoi de poker
[PDF] B. Kelleher : «Mon haka n`a d`autre but que d`aider les enfants - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] b. les types de graphique - Ordinateur
[PDF] b. service etat civil - France
[PDF] B. Théories, approches et modèles de la traduction au XXe siècle
[PDF] b. Umgang mit ADHS (FCP) Allgemein
[PDF] B. VHC - Dr Batel - TRT-5 - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] B. Widerrufsformular
