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Editors
Roy Kamphausen, David Lai
Andrew Scobell
Chinese Lessons from Other Peoples' WarsU.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGEU.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGEChinese Lessons from
Other Peoples' Wars
Editors:
Andrew Scobell
David Lai
Roy Kamphausen
Editors:
Andrew Scobell
David Lai
Roy Kamphausen
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Strategic Studies Institute Book
CHINESE LESSONS FROM OTHER
PEOPLES' WARS
Andrew Scobell
David Lai
Roy Kamphausen
Editors
November 2011
The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and tions enjoy full academic freedom, provided they do not disclose ers them to offer new and sometimes controversial perspectives ii***** www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil newsletter to update the national security community on the re- www.StrategicStudiesInstitute. army.mil/newsletter/. iiiCONTENTS
Andrew Scobell, David Lai, and Roy Kamphausen
June Teufel Dreyer
Christopher D. Yung
Christopher Twomey
Dean Cheng
Frank Miller
Martin Andrew
Yu Bin
iv vFOREWORD
for its cooperation, or rivalry, with the international oriented itself to the importance of airpower, com- mand and control, and precision munitions from the mitment to excellence with the presentation of theChinese Lessons from Other People's Wars is
viCHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Andrew Scobell
David Lai
Roy Kamphausen
While there is cer-
aspects of current and future military operational sucCHINESE MILITARY OPERATIONAL
EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS
tically to deal with widespread civil unrest, protests, evolved to include the concept of Military Operations that, whereas in the past, nonwar missions were partAs a result of these
very limited wartime operational experience upon cause airpower was viewed as a mere adjunct to the and the lastThus, it was
to the defense of seaports and coastal cities, modestPLA LESSONS FROM OTHER PEOPLE'S WAR
One should not simply assume that a military
An army learns lessons after it incorporates the con- clusions derived from experience into institutional lesson, and from that lesson may come new or adapted doctrine or perhaps dissemination of potentially use- important factor that Milosevic surrendered in time to lications on military topics in recent decades, there to issues such as how to survive as a prisoner of war, to prevent suicide in the military, to deal with troop reductions due to casualties, and prepare for an evenly-matched contest with the metric tactics to deal with a much more powerful op-This war remains to this date the most classic
not well-maintained, without assured resupply, and centers with missiles and the political and coercive imThe Science
of Second Artillery Campaign delivery platforms, and, most practically, the aircraft efforts to promote internal innovations in the use ofNational Defense White
Papers
tension has come to the surface as a result of the two jor power in the world without an aircraft carrier andLESSONS (IMPLICATIONS) FOR THE UNITED
STATES
sons that perhaps support a party line in an internal of current and future military operational success and not of war, precisely the domain where politics most in- dissuade provocations, and so on ultimately serves to diplomacy, and multilateral exercises in particular reconnaissance operations in international air and seasENDNOTES - CHAPTER 1
the Military History of the Chinese Communist Party the Chinese Communist Party Armed Struggle Experience and Learn- ingHistory of the Worker-Peasant Red Army
Route Army
Field Armies
Promoting Good Tradition,
Carrying out Sacred Mission: Collected Works Commemorating the80th Anniversary of the Founding of the PLA
Major Sweeping Campaigns of the PLA
China Quarterly
The Lessons of History: The Chinese People's Libera- tion Army at 75Asian Survey
The PLA Experience Since 1949
The Chinese People's Liberation
Army at 75
China's Use of Military Force: Beyond
the Great Wall and the Long March- ibid Beyond the Strait: PLA Missions Other Than Taiwan,The PLA at Home and Abroad: Assessing the
Operational Capabilities of China's Military
Beyond the Strait,
The PLA at Home and Abroad,
The PLA at Home and Abroad,
Chinese
The Lessons of History
Chinese Military Strategy-
The PLA at Home and
Abroad,
The Lessons of
History
Mao's China and the Cold War
China and the Vietnam Wars, 1950-1975
The Lessons of His-
toryChinese
Liu Zhen HuiyiluMemoirs of Liu Zhen
China's Air Force Enters the 21st Century
The Lessons of History
Military History
The Lessons of History
Chinese
Survival
The Lessons of History
Lessons Learned: A History of U.S. Army
Lesson Learning-
Military Re-
view ThePeople's Liberation Army at 75-
⒈▞Xiangchao˗-Xiangtan Normal University
઼ᒣоਁኅᆓ࠺Peace and Develop- ment QuarterlyPeace and Development Quarterly
PLA Military Medical Affairs
Journal of National Defense Forces in Southeast China iesJournal of Political Worksᕐษ儈
ѝഭഭᛵഭ࣋China National
Power ⧠ԓ䱢ᗑᢰᵟModern De- fense TechnologyNational Defense
⹄ウMilitary Economics Studies䱸ԓEconomics Studies
⹄ウResearch on Rear Service at a Basic Level nomics Studies ьইഭ䱢५㦟Military Medical Journal of Southeast ChinaPLA Military Medical Affairs
Survival,
For- eign Affairs Na- tional Interest- ц⭼㓿⍾о᭯⋫World Economics and Poli- ticsEconomics and Politics
ᆖᵟӔ⍱Academic Exchanges ⷝᵋઘ࠺Outlook Weekly 䎔ጠᆖ䲒ᆖᣕJournal of Chifeng University [Soc.Sci]- Continental or Maritime Power? A Summary of Chinese Views onMaritime Strategy since 1999-
World Military
Contemporary World
CHAPTER 2
PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY
LESSONS FROM FOREIGN CONFLICTS:
THE AIR WAR IN KOSOVO
June Teufel Dreyer
THE KOSOVO CONFLICT AND ITS OUTCOME
Executive Summary.
seen as complementary rather than mutually contra-The Setting.
weather conditions, enemy resilience, and disharmoThe People's Liberation Army Contemplates the
Kosovo Operation.
with careful interest and occasional references to the tions, most particularly Taiwan and to a lesser extent,Jiefang Junbao
PLA Daily
did not mateMilitary media were impressed with the improve-
tailed comparisons were made with not only the Gulf noted that, while munitions dropped from the air ac- counted for one-fourth of all munitions expended in fully examined its performance in every confrontation tion of land, sea, and air forces on a three-dimensional sualties was noted, as was the success of its efforts to and humanitarian causes, had trampled on the sov-Another
Other analysts predicted
other events most Americans would see as discrete,Three Schools of Thought Contend.
Kongjun Bao, the air force newspaper,
A succession of essays in military journals dealt
operational space, automated command and control, While there was a consensus that the nature of warQiushi≲ᱟ, Seeking Truth
Unrestricted Warfare䎵䲀ᡈ
interview withChina Youth Daily
deployed, the value of each individual weapon in proliferation in types and costs of weapons that are necessary to support this marathon could even cause chemical warfare, terrorism, and the manipulation of and developed countries, which is what human his- shashoujianᵰ䬿- sionally as sashoujian᫂䬿-Nimitz
demonstrations at military academies around the there were nonetheless evident efforts to restrain the words carefully so as not to invite criticisms of cow- politics, yet we cannot close our door and refuse to tract investments, while the other hand must increaseA few days later, a JFJB commentator who was
Kosovo in a Decade's Perspective.
International Strategy and the Revolution in Mili- tary Affairs, conditions, while not fully or indiscriminately copy to the importance of talented personnel and forward learned the value of space as the fourth dimension,China National De-
fense Newsѝഭഭ䱢ᣕ ever, he noted, there was a tendency to deviate from and tactics that had previously served it well, the on actual weapons on hand with careful use of strat items of interest to an enemy moved out of their pathAir Force Newsオߋ
tity of operational aircraft, surface missiles, radar, ployment locations of the missiles, it had no way toLessons Learned From Past Wars.
the decisive factor in victory sion learned that air transport was a crucial element transport planes was used approached that of main The tions, population, and to the importance of properly carry-As a retired Taiwan
tions, and an extreme aversion to casualties, two fac- consent of numerous and sometimes fractious allies, casualties would continue to prevail when vitally im- portant national interests or the lives of their own sol no attention to the issue of whether the destruction no pilots, and commented, The truth of the matter is that there were not a lot of dential palace,The constant repetition
superior military power, there is no indication that, in as a fait accompliLessons from the Lessons?
errors, to the extent that one is reminded of an episode ent factor inputs such as political circumstances, ter-Implications for the United States.
tious coalition, and would therefore have no need to misinformation from its own military history to jus account of what happened that party historical ac- system and more soldiers who were properly trained planners should carefully monitor whether such mis- sees as reactions to particular events, such as the deci-ENDNOTES - CHAPTER 2
New York Times
New York Times
PLA Daily
ѝഭഭ䱢ᣕChina National
Defense News
Daily DailyPLA Daily
PLA Daily-
ChinaQuarterly
The Mirror
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