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Guide to

NongovernmentalOrganizations for the Military

edited by Lynn Lawry MD, MSPH, MSc

Guide to

Nongovernmental

Organizations

for the

Military

A primer for the military about private, voluntary, and nongovernmental organizations operating in humanitarian emergencies globally

Edited and rewritten by Lynn Lawry MD, MSPH, MSc

Summer 2009

Originally written by Grey Frandsen

Fall 2002

?e Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine (CDHAM) Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences (USUHS)

International Health Division

O?ce of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health A?airs)

U.S. Department of Defense

Copyright restrictions pertain to certain parts of this publication. All rights reserved. No copyrighted parts of this publication may be reprinted or transmitted in any form without written permission of the publisher or copyright owner.

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Contents

About CDHAM

...................5 About OASD(HA)-IHD ........................................................................ ....6

Introduction

.......................7

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Part 1. NGO Structures and Themes

ϐǡǡ ................................13

Chapter 2.

Introduction to NGOs ........................................................................

Chapter 3.

What Is an NGO? ........................................................................

Chapter 4.

NGO Structure, Authority, and Standards ........................................................................

........40

Chapter 5.

NGO Personnel and Policies ........................................................................ ..................................49

Chapter 6.

NGO Funding ........................................................................

Chapter 7.

NGO Coordination ........................................................................ ........................95

Part 2. NGO Capacities and Services

Chapter 9.

NGO Emergency Deployment and Response .......................................................................100

Chapter 10.

Scale and Scope of NGO Activity ........................................................................

........................114

Chapter 11.

NGOs and Health Services ........................................................................ ....................................119

Chapter 12.

NGOs and Food and Nutrition ........................................................................ ............................130

Chapter 13.

NGOs and Water, Sanitation, and Shelter ........................................................................

.......136

Chapter 14.

NGOs and Protection ........................................................................

Part 3. NGO Operations

Chapter 15.

NGO Logistics ........................................................................

Chapter 16.

NGO Use of Information and Communications Technology ..........................................169

Chapter 17.

NGOs and Security ........................................................................

Chapter 18.

NGOs and the Military ........................................................................

Part 4. Annexes

Annex 1.

Selected NGOs ........................................................................

Annex 2.

Selected Humanitarian Resources ........................................................................

....................335

Annex 3.

Selected Humanitarian Publications ........................................................................

...............347

Annex 4.

Code of Conduct ........................................................................

Annex 5.

How the U.S. Government Provides Humanitarian Aid ...................................................353

Annex 6.

Red Cross and Red Crescent Systems Explained ................................................................356

Annex 7.

Key United Nations Agencies ........................................................................ ..............................365

Annex 8.

Médecins sans Frontières speach at NATO ........................................................................

...370

Annex 9.

Sources ........................................................................ .378 5 About CDHAM: Advancing medicine in humanitarian and disaster relief

The vision:

To contribute to national security by achieving regional and global stability through health care diplomacy. The U.S. military has a long history of responding to disasters and participating in humanitarian assistance missions. Until recently, however, these missions were considered less important than traditional combat and combat support missions. Events in the 21st century have made it clear that our national security depends on stability around the globe. This was emphasized in recent Department of Defense (DOD) guidance establishing stability sperations, including humanitarian assistance and disaster response (HA/DR), as missions with a priority equal to combat operations. The mission: To provide support to Department of Defense agencies, through education & training,

consultation, direct support and scholarly activities, regarding the role of health care in response to

disasters and humanitarian assistance missions. The Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine (CDHAM) was formally established at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) by the Defense Appropriations Act of 1999. Organized within the Department of Military and Emergency Medicine at USUHS, CDHAM is postured as the Defense Department's focal point for academic aspects of medical stability operations. The successful delivery of aid depends on a coordinated effort between the host nation, United Nations agencies, other governmental organizations, and many NGOs. With respect to HA/DR missions, the DOD will function in a supporting role to other agencies, such as the Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development. Effectiveness requires achieving synergy by optimizing each participant's relative strengths. Although the primary target audience for this Guide to Nongovernmental Organizations for the Military , 2nd edition, is the Department of Defense, it is intended to be a practical source of information about many NGOs for the entire humanitarian assistance community. It is hoped that it will also serve as a bridge to better understanding and cooperation. I would like to recognize Dr. Lynn Lawry for her efforts revising this guide as an author and the

senior editor. Without her expertise and dedication, it would not be the quality product it is. It is also

appropriate to recognize the work done by Mr. Grey Frandsen as author of the initial guide.

Charles W. Beadling, MD, FAAFP, IDHA, DMCC

Director, Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine

Department of Military and Emergency Medicine

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences 6 About the International Health Division OASD(HA)-IHD

The International Health Division (IHD) advises the assistant secretary of defense (Health Affairs) on

policy related to interaction of the military health system with host nation civilians and their health

infrastructure in stability operations, counterinsurgency, and humanitarian assistance/disaster response. The IHD is supervised and resourced by the deputy assistant secretary of defense for force health protection and readiness. In accordance with DOD instructions, IHD is committed to partnerships in policy with NGOs, the and informs OASD(HA)'s continuous quality improvement to meet the challenges of disaster response, is rarely the health lead except by default; however, MHS must be able to effectively support other agencies and, when necessary, take lead in areas that are too dangerous or otherwise inaccessible to nonmilitary agencies and assets. 7

Introduction

This book is about nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), often referred to as private voluntary

orient the military with NGOs: their operations, strengths, limitations, budgets, practices, and other

characteristics that make them unique actors in a large and dynamic humanitarian community. Every NGO is unique: no two have exactly the same objectives, missions, operating procedures, or capacities. To provide a cohesive body of information, generalizations are often made and detail may The annexes in this book play an important part in constructing an understanding of NGOs and the NGO community. Designed as a quick reference, annex 2 is a compilation of the most informative websites highlighted in different sections of the book. Annex 1 covers the basics for NGOs commonly found in humanitarian emergencies around the world and ones the military are likely to encounter. In addition, a more comprehensive and searchable database of NGOs can be found at www.global- health.org. This publication was initially written in the spring and summer of 2002 by Grey Frandsen, at the for Advanced International Studies (SAIS). Mr. Frandsen served as special assistant to Ambassador CRS) at the State Department, and S/CRS advisor on NGO-military relations.

Using the original text as a guide, the book was rewritten and updated in 2009. Many people contributed

to this effort and are designated as authors in the chapter they wrote or edited. Additional editorial help

and Kevin Riley (CDHAM). The extensive NGO list in annex 1 was researched and written by Kristen Health Sciences, with the help of Gregg Nakano (CDHAM). We are grateful to everyone who helped in this revision. This publication was funded and published by the Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance University system, or the U.S. Department of Defense. For feedback, suggestions, or additions, contact Dr. Lynn Lawry at llawry@ihresearch.org 8

Acronyms and Abbreviations

1 ACF

Action Contre la Faim (Action Against Hunger)

ADRA

Adventist Development and Relief Agency

AFCENT

Allied Forces Central Europe

AFDRU

Austrian Forces Disaster Relief Unit

AOR area of responsibility ARC

American Refugee Committee

ASD

Assistant Secretary of Defense

BHR

Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance

CAP consolidated appeal process CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Inc CBO community-based organization CCF

China's Children Fund

CCP comprehensive campaign plan CDC

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CE-DAT

complex-emergency database CHART Combined Humanitarian Assistance Response Training CHW community health worker CHW local community health worker CIDA

Canadian International Development Agency

CIDI

Center for International Disaster Information

CMO civil-military operations CMOC civil-military operations center CMPT

Consequence management planning team

CMR crude mortality rate COM chief of mission COOPI

Cooperazione Internazionale

COTS commercial off-the-shelf (technology) CRS

Catholic Relief Services

CTS commodity tracking system CWS

Church World Service

DAC

Development Assistance Committee

DALIS

Disaster Assistance Logistics Information System

DART

Disaster Assistance Response Team, of OFDA

DASD

Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense

DFID

Department for International Development (UK)

1

Not all of these terms are used in this manual. Many are general humanitarian community terms that are useful to

9 DLA

Defense Logistics Agency

DODD

U.S. Department of Defense directive

DOD

U.S. Department of Defense

DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus vaccine DRC

Danish Refugee Council

DRI

Direct Relief International

DP displaced population ECHA

Executive Committee for Humanitarian Affairs

FAA

Foreign Assistance Act

FAM food aid management FFP

USAID BHR Food for Peace program

FHA foreign humanitarian assistance FOG

Foreign Operations Guide

GSM

Global System for Mobile communications

GTZ Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (Germany) HA spectrum of humanitarian assistance provided by any organization HACC humanitarian assistance coordination center HA/DR humanitarian assistance/disaster relief HAO humanitarian assistance operation HAST humanitarian assistance survey team HCA humanitarian and civic assistance HEA household economy approach HHS

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

HOC humanitarian operations center HRO humanitarian relief organizations HRW

Human Rights Watch

IAEA

International Atomic Energy Agency

IASC

UN Inter-Agency Standing Committee

ICDO

International Civil Defense Organization

ICRC

International Committee of the Red Cross

ICVA

International Council of Voluntary Agencies

IDHA

International Diploma in Humanitarian Assistance

IDP internally displaced person/population IDRA international disaster relief assistance IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IGOs international or intergovernmental organizations IMC

International Medical Corps

IMF

International Monetary Fund

INSARAG

International Search and Rescue Advisory Group

IO intergovernmental organization or international organization (noted in text) 10 IOM

International Organization for Migration

IRC

International Rescue Committee

IRIN

Integrated Regional Information Network

IRT international relief teams IWG interagency working group KAP knowledge, attitudes, and practice LEMA local emergency management authority LOC logistics operations center LWR

Lutheran World Relief

MCDA military civil defense assets MCDU

Military Civil Defense Unit of OCHA

MCI

Mercy Corps International

MDM

Medicins du Monde (Doctors of the World)

MOOTW military operations other than war MOU memorandum of understanding MPDL

Movement for Peace, Disarmament and Freedom

MSF Medicins sans Frontieres (Doctors without Borders) NATOquotesdbs_dbs35.pdfusesText_40

[PDF] filiales nestlé monde

[PDF] pdg nestlé

[PDF] usine nestlé dans le monde

[PDF] nestlé groupe

[PDF] entreprise nestlé

[PDF] multinationale

[PDF] mots contenant le son j

[PDF] liste de mots c dur c doux

[PDF] règle c dur c doux

[PDF] mots français empruntés ? l'allemand

[PDF] mot emprunté ? l'italien

[PDF] mots français d origine portugaise

[PDF] mots français d'origine anglaise

[PDF] mot a faire mimer

[PDF] carte taboo