Intelligent control systems using algorithms of the entropie potential
Intelligent control systems using algorithms of the entropie potential method. To cite this article: O A Jumaev et al 2021 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2094 022030.
ENTROPIE HOT-WATER BOILER ??150 up to 20000 kW
ENTROPIE ??150 Installation and operation manual. 02. Field application TT150 boilers. ENTROPIE boiler TT150 is a three-pass gas-fired hot water boiler with
Sur les Propriétés Statistiques de lEntropie de Permutation Multi
06-May-2021 Le travail avec des modèles ordinaux produit une mesure de l'entropie qui est invariante par rapport à l'amplitude du signal ...
Standard Thermodynamic Values.pdf
Gibbs Free Energy. (kJ/mol). (NH4)2O. (l). -430.70096. 267.52496. -267.10656. (NH4)2SiF6. (s hexagonal). -2681.69296. 280.24432. -2365.54992. (NH4)2SO4.
PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL BOILERS
www.entropie.de. Purpose of ??250 boilers. General view of ??250 boiler. Steam boilers of the ??250 series are two-pass gas- fired horizontal steel boilers
ENTROPIE boiler ??200
ENTROPIE steam boilers TT200 are steel gas- fired three-way flue gas boilers of horizontal type
Mixed Strategy Equilibria in n-Person Games with Entropie Criteria
This paper is organized in the following way. In Section 2 we formu- late a noncooperative n- person game with entropie criteria and define the
Léopold2016_Evaluating harvest and management strategies for
09-Aug-2016 This publication is available electronically at the following website: http://umr-entropie.ird.nc/application/files/5814/7144/7021/ ...
Brochure Dessalement
SIDEM / ENTROPIE is the world leader in sea water desalination through low temperature distillation processes such as: • Multiple Effect Distillation (MED).
Une borne supérieure pour lentropie topologique dune application
de X. Notons ?l(f) le degré dynamique d'ordre l de f 1 ? l ? k
University of California Berkeley
University of California Berkeley
Entropy - Wikipedia
entropyas disorder: the more microstates there are the less organizedare the particles Asolidhaslowerentropythanagasbecausethemoleculesaremoreordered: theconstraints onthepositionsoftheatomsinthesolidandlimitationsontheirvelocitiesdrasticallyreducethenumberof possiblecon gurations
Handout 7 Entropy - Stanford University
Entropy measures the degree of our lack of information about a system Suppose you throwa coin which may land either with head up or tail up each with probability12 Then wehave some uncertainty about the outcome of each experiment" The uncertainty can bequanti ed by a positive numberS
Entropy and Information Theory - Stanford University
Prologue This book is devoted to the theory of probabilistic information measures and their application to coding theorems for information sources and noisy channels
Searches related to entropie PDF
Standard Entropies Alan D Earhart 2 of 2 11/7/2016 All standard state 25 °C and 1 bar (written to 1 decimal place) P J Linstrom and W G Mallard Eds NIST Chemistry WebBook NIST Standard Reference Database
What is information entropy?
Entropy is the measure of the amount of missing information before reception. Often called Shannon entropy, it was originally devised by Claude Shannonin 1948 to study the size of information of a transmitted message. The definition of information entropy is expressed in terms of a discrete set of probabilities pi{displaystyle p_{i}}so that
What is entropy increase?
A special case of entropy increase, the entropy of mixing, occurs when two or more different substances are mixed. If the substances are at the same temperature and pressure, there is no net exchange of heat or work – the entropy change is entirely due to the mixing of the different substances.
What is the entropy of a mixture?
molecules occupy the volume 2V, so the entropy ofmixingis S=2Nln2, justas inthecoloredballscase. Whenwesplit them, since theparticlesare identical, thereis nowaytotell apart onesplittingfromtheother. Eachhalf has speciesinavolume .
How can entropy change between reversible and irreversible paths?
Since entropy is a state function, the entropy change of the system for an irreversible path is the same as for a reversible path between the same two states. However, the heat transferred to or from, and the entropy change of, the surroundings is different. We can only obtain the change of entropy by integrating the above formula.
ENTROPIE boiler ТТ200
1000-25000 kg/h 8 bar 12 bar 16 bar
steam boilersÑontents
Field application TT200 boilers .......................................................... ....................60Priciple operation ТТ200 boiler .......................................................................60
Diagram ТТ200 boiler ........................................................................ ............62 Technical characteristics TT200 8 bar boilers .................................................63 Technical characteristics TT200 12 bar boilers ...............................................64 Technical characteristics TT200 16 bar boilers ...............................................65 Overall and connecting dimensions of TT200 boilers .....................................66Dimensions TT200 boiler firebox ....................................................................69
Selecting and installing of the burner .............................................................69
Boiler configuration ........................................................................ .................70 Boiler accessories ........................................................................ ..................70 Boiler placement ........................................................................ .....................71 Transportation ........................................................................ ........................71Steam boilers TT200 with piping ....................................................................73
Control system for boiler and auxiliary equipment ..........................................74 steam boilers steam boilersField application TT200 boilers
ENTROPIE steam boilers TT200 are steel gas-
fired, three-way flue gas boilers of horizontal type, fitted with a firebox for pressure-fired fuel combustion.ENTROPIE boiler TT200 are mass produced within
a rated steam capacity range from 1 to 25 t/h with a design pressure of 8, 12, 16 bar and are designed to produce saturated steam.Fuel type: gas, liquid fuel. The rated steam
capacity is specified for when using gaseous and light liquid fuel. When using special non-standard types of gaseous, light liquid as well as heavy liquid fuel, it is necessary to ask the manufacturer of the boiler about the steam capacity.Steam gas-fired ENTROPIE boiler TT200 are
manufactured with the following components according to the technical documentation:ТТ200 steam boiler with economizer,
ТТ200 steam boiler with steam superheater,
ТТ200 steam boiler with economizer and steam superheater.Thanks to developed heat transfer surface and
unique engineering solutions, and depending on the load and operating conditions of the boiler in combination with the wetted reversal chamber, a high energy efficiency level is achieved: without the economizer, the efficiency level reaches 92,7 %; when the economizer is used, the efficiency level will reach up to 95 %.The preferred areas of application for ENTROPIE
steam boilers TT200 are industrial enterprises in all fields of industry where there is demand for saturated steam production for engineering processes, manufacturing processes and heating.General view of TT200 boiler
Priciple operation ÒÒ200 boiler
The ENTROPIE steam boiler TT200 is designed
as a three-way gas-fired boiler; it has a cylindrical horizontal structure.The combustion chamber with flue tube 1 and
the boiler body have a cylindrical shape. Convective heating surfaces are formed by fire tubes of the second & third passes 2 , 3 located axisymmetrically around the combustion chamber. The multi-row layout of the second & third pass fire tubes provides a high rate of heat transfer.60 ² ENTROPIE boiler TT200
steam boilers the quality of the steam. The periodic blowing 20 provides regular removal of sludge from the boiler, maintaining reliable operating conditions.The drainage pipeline 21 in the lower part of
the boiler allows the coolant to be fully removed, if necessary. An installation plate 23 is provided in the front of the boiler to install the burner 22 . A flue gas collection chamber (flue box) with flue gas discharge outlet 24 and inspection holes is located in the upper part of the rear side of the boiler. The flue gas discharge outlet is fitted with a connecting flange.For uniform distribution of the weight load, the
boiler has a sturdy frame base 25 formed by two I-beams connected to the main body of the boiler. One support of the frame base is fixed rigidly, and the others are mobile, which allows for movement during heat expansion of the boiler. The boiler's high quality solid insulation 26 made from laminated mineral fibre mats with a thickness of 120 mm and its aluminium coating contribute to extremely low radiation losses. To move the boiler during installation and handling operations, lifting eyes 27 are provided on the boiler body located symmetrically with respect to the boiler center of mass.The three-way diagram of the boiler gas path
with low heat density of the combustion chamber provides a convenient setup of the boiler's combustion modes and minimum release of hazardous combustion products. The boiler's low aerodynamic resistance allows for optimal selection of the burner. A wide shell side and a large volume of water in the boiler provide the best boiler operating conditions within the entire range of heat output.The fully wetted first reversal chamber 4 is
formed by a shell and two flat flanged heads. The second reversal chamber 5 is formed by the front head of the boiler, the frame and the front doors.The boiler front doors 6 provide easy access to
the fire tubes during maintenance and cleaning of the boiler.Inspection and cleaning of the combustion chamber
and the first reversal chamber should be carried out via the inspection hole 7 in the lower part of the rear head; there is a sight glass to visually monitor the flame. Fire tubes can be inspected through the inspection hole on the side of the steam space, in the upper part of the boiler body. The inspection hole 8 in the lower part of the body allows the entire length of the water chamber to be visually monitored. To control the operating parameters, pipes for level gauges 9 and continuous water level regulation10 11 are installed on the side, and a
collector 12 is installed in the upper part with nozzles for connecting sensors and I&C devices.The feed water inlet 13 and steam outlet 14 ,
continuous blowing pipe 15 and emergency valve16 , as well as the steam supply pipe for own
needs 17 are located on top of the boiler for easy operation.A droplet separator is installed under the steam
outlet 18 providing effective separation (cleaning) of the steam from moisture.The pipes for the boiler blowdown system are
arranged in a convenient way, making it easier to operate and maintain the boiler. Continuous blowing15 serves to reduce the salt content of boiler feed
water (salt content sensor 19 ) and also decreases the possibility of effervescence and entrainment of water droplets with steam, which enhances the reliability of water loop circulation in the boiler and 61steam boilers
Diagram ÒÒ200 boiler
1 Flue tube
2 Second pass fire tubes
3 Third pass fire tubes
4 First reversal chamber
5 Second reversal chamber
6 Front doors
14 Steam outlet
15 Continuous blowing pipe
16 Emergency valve
17 Steam supply for own needs
18 Droplet separator
19 Salt content sensor
20 Periodic blowing tube
21 Drainage pipeline
22 Burner
23 Installation plate
24 Flue gas discharge outlet
25 Sturdy frame base
26 Insulation
27 Lifting eyes
7 Inspection hole
8 Inspection hole
9 Level gauge nozzles
821251
2320 4 26
7 24
3
2271611131814
225 6
19917121015
10 11 Water level gauges
12 Header
13 Feed water inlet
The multi-row layout of the second & third pass
fire tubes and the design of the fire gas reversal chambers allow for a large combustion space and an increase of the heating surface area, which increases the rate of heat transfer and, consequently, the efficiency of the boiler.62 ² ENTROPIE boiler TT200
In this way, the structure of the boiler, which incorporates best practices and reliable engineering solutions as well as a high quality manufacturing, provides exceptional characteristics for a steam boiler: high performance and steam quality, high efficiency ratio, operating safety and reliability, and a long service life. steam boilersTechnical characteristics TT200 8 bar boilers
Without economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max8
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max8
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 175Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,31,83,31,72,54,62,22,33,14,02,43,7
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,60,91,21,51,72,32,93,54,14,75,87,4
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg5200590064009600119001320015500193002930026200351004160041900
With economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max8
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max8
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 175Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,42,13,92,63,85,23,23,75,57,26,29,6
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,60,81,11,41,72,32,73,33,84,45,67,0
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg5200590064009600119001320015500193002930026200351004160041900
63steam boilers
Technical characteristics TT200 12 bar boilers
Without economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max12
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max12
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 191Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,31,83,31,72,54,62,22,33,14,02,33,6
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,60,71,21,51,82,43,03,64,24,75,97,5
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg580076001050010600158001790017500235002930032000351004160041900
With economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max12
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max12
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 191Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,41,93,52,43,54,72,93,45,06,56,29,7
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,60,91,11,41,72,22,83,33,94,45,65,6
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg580076001050010600158001790017500235002930032000351004160041900
64 ² ENTROPIE boiler TT200
steam boilersTechnical characteristics TT200 16 bar boilers
Without economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max16
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max16
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 203Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,31,63,01,62,34,23,02,02,73,72,33,5
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,61,01,21,51,82,43,03,64,24,86,07,6
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
0,40,81,01,01,01,21,61,31,01,11,21,71,8
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg580076001050011600158001790019900235002930032000351004160041900
With economizer
Rated steam capacity, t/h1234568101214162025
Rated heat output, kW657131519722630328739455260657478899204105191314016420Maximum excess steam pressure, bar, max16
Maximum excess water pressure, bar, max16
Maximum steam temperature at the boiler
outlet, °C 203Minimum water temperature at the boiler
inlet, °C 104Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of water, kPa0,10,41,93,52,43,54,73,03,45,06,55,68,8
Hydraulic resistance of steam-water path in
terms of steam, kPa0,30,60,91,11,41,72,22,83,33,94,45,77,1
Aerodynamic drag of the gas path for
0,50,91,11,11,31,51,81,71,71,51,81,81,9
Volume of steam space, m
3Boiler water volume, m
3Dry boiler weight (weight tolerance 4,5 %), kg580076001050011600158001790019900235002930032000351004160041900
65steam boilers Overall and connecting dimensions of TT200 boilers
Description
PN, MPaNominal diameter, DN, mm
Rated steam capacity, t/h 1234568101214162025
Flue gas outlet a0,0130035040045050065065080080080080010001000Water inletb1,640404040404040506565658080
8 bar steam outlet
c1,66580100100125150150150200200200200250
12, 16 bar steam outlet 1,6506580100100125125150150150200200200
For safety valved1,632323232404040405065656565
Continous blowinge1,620202020202020202020202020
Water drainf-40404040404040404040404040
Upper inspection holeg-420×320270×370420×320370×470430×330 Lower inspection holei-320×220370×470320×220270×370330×230Draft and heat gaugej0
Condensate draink0G 1-B
Water level sensorl1,6
Salt content sensorm1,6G 1-B
o1,6Flue gas temperature sensorp0
Manometerq1,6
Pressostatr1,6
Periodic blowings1,640404040404040404040404040
Steam for operation needst-25252525252525254040406565Air ventu--------202020202020
Connecting dimensions of ENTROPIE BOILER TT200
i r j k a H4 H3 H1 H2 H0 B0 B1 B4 B3 B2 H9 H7 H8 H6 H5 qr f s ml l t od egl cbL4L5L6L7L8L9L11
L10L12
L1L3 L2 L0 L18 L14 L15 L17 L16 L13 d66 ² ENTROPIE boiler TT200
u steam boilersRated steam capacity, t/h 1234568101214162025
Total length, L0, mm3793422046724670492555886387690371677471774080508699 L1, mm1470172512171217132313551370129913311621132513711371 L2, mm3242367039753975423549375738617462916623688071717173 L3, mm1300147022002200240030183697419542904382484052005200L4, mm62184511371137845895591691701651701410410
L5, mm00750870400870400620620
L6, mm300300300352470470588470500500
L7, mm507300520520450550500530470470470450450
L8, mm153450550550700110012001190570610615475475
L9, mm2220330330700800600650159017821910660660
L10, mm20020068068035035050040030040040017501750
L11, mm0000000650700750750610610
L12, mm30030067067065065065040041550050011001100
L13, mm300300300300300300300300300300300300300
L14, mm0025702570282334743671377738314263443152214960 L15, mm1471182313211321132313561371132116311621133113711371L16, mm471545527527545595591690531107153110311013
L17, mm77184511371137122512761341131914211491142123212321L18, mm42220035035035045011001050400400400750750
Overall dimensions of ENTROPIE BOILER TT200 8 bar boilers 67steam boilers
Rated steam
capacity, t/h1-8101214162025
Total length,
L0, mm
686771677471776080508699
Total width,
304333523442355241504070
Total height,
350338703923412441374138
L1, mm132413311621132513711371
L2, mm618462916623689271717173
L3, mm419542904382484052005200
L4, mm69470165170410410
L5, mm870400870400620620
L6, mm470470588470500500
L7, mm530470470470450450
L8, mm1190570610615475475
L9, mm650159017821910660660
L10, mm40030040040017501750
L11, mm390700750750710610
L12, mm35541550050011001100
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