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Demographic and Health Survey 2013-14

Key Findings

Democratic Republic

of Congo

The second Demographic and Health Survey in the Democratic Republic of Congo (EDS-RDC II) was conducted by

the Ministry of Monitoring, Planning and Implementation of the Modern Revolution [Ministère du Plan et Suivi de

la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité], in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Health [Ministère de

clearling medical supplies through customs. This report represents the views of the authors and does not necessarily

represent the views of cooperating agencies.

Additional information about the EDS-RDC II can be obtained by contacting the Ministère du Plan et SMRM, 4155,

Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM), Ministère de la Santé

Investissons dans notre avenir

Le Fonds mondial

De lutte contre le sida, la tuberculose et le paludisme

LA BANQUE MONDIALE

Page 1Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY 2013-14

The second demographic and health survey in the Democratic Republic of Congo (EDS-RDC II) is designed

to provide data for monitoring the population and health situation in DRC. The EDS-RDC II provides reliable

successfully interviewed. The majority of indicators are representative at the national level, for urban and

rural areas, and for each of the 11 provinces. Additionally, the majority of indicators are also representative

Page 2Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND RESPONDENTS

Household composition

population is children under age 15.

Water, sanitation, electricity

of households do not have any sanitation facility,

Ownership of goods

Thirty-nine percent of households have a mobile

ownership of farm land is higher among rural

Education

education.

© Jessica Hatcher/IRIN

Percent distribution of women and men age 15-49 by highest level of education attended Page 3Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

FERTILITY AND ITS DETERMINANTS

Total Fertility Rate

Currently, women in DRC will have an average of

also varies by province, ranging from a minimum woman among those living in the richest households.

Teenage fertility

fertility is nearly three times higher among young among those living in the wealthiest households young women in Kinshasa have begun childbearing,

Teenage childbearing by wealth quintile

Lowest

Highest

42
30
32
26
15

Number of children per

woman for the three-year period before the surveyKinshasa 4.2

Bandundu

6.3Kasaï

Occidental

8.2Kasaï

Oriental

7.3Équateur

7.0Orientale

5.9 Sud- Kivu

7.7Nord-

Kivu 6.5

Maniema

6.9

Katanga

7.8Bas- Congo

6.0 Page 4Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

Age at rst birth

Kinshasa.

Age at rst marriage

together at the time of the survey. In the Democratic

Age at rst sexual intercourse

earlier than women with more than secondary there is no clear relationship between median age at

Polygamy

Twenty-two percent of women in DRC report being

in a polygamous union. Polygamy is most common

Desired family size

education.

© Guy Oliver/IRIN

Page 5Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

FAMILY PLANNING

Knowledge of family planning

Current use of family planning

of married women are using any method of

The male condom is the most widely used method

are using a modern method of family planning. secondary education are using a modern method,

Source of family planning methods

obtain this method from the public sector, while male condoms are primarily obtained from the

20Any method

8Any modern

method 3

Injectables

1Male condom

1Pill

Percent of married women age 15-49

who are using family planning

Any traditional

method13 DRC 8%

Use of modern methods by province

Percen of married women age

15-49 who are currently using

a modern method of contraception Page 6Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

Fertility preferences

These women and men are potential users of family

planning.

Unmet need for family planning

percentage of married women who want to space not using contraception. The EDS-RDC II reveals family planning. More women have an unmet need

Exposure to family planning messages

message on television.

The vast majority of women who are not using

planning. Seven percent of non-users who visited discussed family planning during their visit, while

Informed choice

the side effects of the method used, what to do if available family planning methods.

© 2005 Daren Trudeau,

Courtesy of Photoshare

Page 7Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

© 2008 Paul Jeffrey, Courtesy of Photoshare

CHILDHOOD MORTALITY

Rates

Childhood mortality rates by background

characteristics with secondary or higher education). The EDS-RDC

Birth intervals

of children are born less than two years after their siblings.

Neonatal

mortalityInfant mortalityUnder-five mortality 58
104
28

Under-five mortality by previous

birth interval Deaths per 1,000 live births for the ten-year period before the survey by years since preceeding birth <2 years

2 years3 years4 years

162
105
7764
Page 8Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

MATERNAL HEALTH

Antenatal care

Eighty-eight percent of mothers with a live birth

their fourth month of pregnancy, as recommended. of pregnancy complications.

Delivery

Postnatal care

Postnatal care helps prevent complications after

did not receive postnatal care within 41 days of delivery.

Maternal mortality

Maternal mortality is high in the Democratic

Republic of Congo. The maternal mortality ratio is seven-year period before the survey. © 2006 Gabrielle Bardall, Courtesy of Photoshare Percent distribution of live births in the last five years by type of delivery assistance Page 9Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

SANTÉ DE L"ENFANT

Vaccination coverage

received all recommended vaccines (one dose each any vaccinations. The EDS-RDC II results show that times higher among children living in the wealthiest households than among those living in the poorest

Childhood illness

with cough and rapid breathing, symptoms of an receive any treatment.

© Zahra Moloo/IRIN

CHILD HEALTH

Kinshasa

68%

Bandundu

42%Kasaï

Occidental

43%Kasaï

Oriental

37%Équateur

33%Orientale

30%
Sud- Kivu

62%Nord-

Kivu 71%

Maniema

42%

Katanga

40%Bas- Congo

55%
Page 10Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

CHILDREN"S STATUS

Birth registration

School attendance

that girls attend secondary school less frequently months are attending a preschool program.

Child labor

dangerous conditions.

© Aubrey Graham/IRIN

Kinshasa

39%

Bandundu

52%Kasaï

Occidental

30%Kasaï

Oriental

19%Équateur

18%Orientale

9% Sud- Kivu 25%
Nord- Kivu 7%

Maniema

16%

Katanga

25%Bas- Congo

37%
Page 11Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

HEALTH EXPENDITURES

The EDS-RDC II collected data on the health

dollars) show that the average annual per person results show that the average Congolese household prescribed during out- or in-patient care. In total, urban households than among rural households

© 2009 Michel Nyembwe, Courtesy of Photoshare

Average annual household expenditures for

outpatient care, hospitalizations, and other health expenses (in US$) Page 12Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

BREASTFEEDING AND ANEMIA

Breastfeeding and complementary foods

liquids before beginning breastfeeding. complementary foods. be fed foods from four or more food groups daily. products in addition to foods from four or more food

Anemia

During the EDS-RDC II, anemia testing was carried

out in half of households. The results shows that majority with moderate anemia. Anemia is highest in

© 2008 Paul Jeffrey,Courtesy of Photoshare

Percent of children age 6-59 months and

women age 15-49 who are anemic Page 13Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

Nutritional status of children

severely stunted. This is an indication of chronic malnutrition. Stunting is higher in rural areas than of children whose mothers have no education are have more than secondary education. means they are too thin for their height and indicates

Nutritional status of women

Micronutrients

Micronutrients are essential vitamins and minerals blindness and infection, is particularly important for children, pregnant women and new mothers. received a vitamin A supplement postpartum. during their last pregnancy

NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN

Stunting by province

DRC 43%

Percent of children under age

five who are stunted (too short for their age) Page 14Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

MALARIA

Ownership of mosquito nets

Use of mosquito nets by children and

pregnant women

Antimalarial medication

Malaria during pregnancy contributes to low birth

weight, infant mortality, and other complications.

To prevent malaria, pregnant women should receive

care visit. The results of the EDS-RDC II show that more doses.

Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT).

Malaria testing

positive for malaria according to microscropy.

Malaria was most common among children age

ITN ownership by province

DRC 70%

Percent of households with at

least one insecticide-treated mosquito net (ITN) Page 15Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014 HI

V KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS

Knowledge

pregnancy.

Multiple sexual partners

HIV testing

antenatal care visit.

Knowledge of HIV :

Prevention methods and mother-to-child

transmission (MTCT)

Percent of women and men age 15-49 who know that:

48
47

Percent of women and men age 15-49 who were

tested and received the result of the last test in the last 12 months Women

EDS-RDC II

2013-2014

MenEDS-RDC I2007

Page 16Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014 HI V

PREVALENCE

prevalence increases with age before reaching a

HIV prevalence by province

Kinshasa

1.6% DRC 1.2%

Bandundu

0.3%Kasaï

Occidental

0.6%Kasaï

Oriental

1.8%Équateur

0.6%Orientale

2.3% Sud- Kivu

0.4%Nord-

Kivu 0.9%

Maniema

4.0%

Katanga

1.5%Bas- Congo

0.2%

HIV prevalence by age

Percent

Age (years)

Page 17Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

WOMEN"S EMPOWERMENT

Employment

Moreover, among married women who were paid

Participation in household decisions

in decisions about visits to her family or friends, and do not participate in any of the three aforementioned decisions.

© 2012 Felix Masi, Courtesy of Photoshare

Percent distribution of married women and men age 15-49 who worked in the last 12 months by type of earnings Page 18Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Physical violence

Sexual violence

Spousal violence

© Kate Holt/IRIN

Page 19Democratic Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey 2013-2014

© Guy Oliver/IRIN

1

Currently married women who do not want any more children or want to wait at least two years before their next birth but are not currently using a

method of family planning. 2 Doctors, nurses and trained birth attendants are considered skilled providers. 3

Fully vaccinated includes BCG, measles, three

doses each of DPT/pentavalent and polio vaccine (excluding polio vaccine given at birth). 4 For the ten-year period before the survey, except the national total, in italics, which corresponds to the ve-year period before the survey.

INDICATORS

ResidenceProvince

Fertility

DRCUrbanRuralKinshasa Bas-

CongoBandundu ÉquateurOrientalNord-

KivuSud-

Kivu Maniema KatangaKasaï

Oriental

Kasaï

Occidental

Family Planning (married women age 15-49)

Maternal and Child Health

Maternal Health

Child Health

Nutrition

Malaria

Childhood Mortality (deaths per 1,000 live births) 4

HIV/AIDS

Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods (women and men age 15-49)

Domestic Violence

ResidenceProvince

Fertility

DRCUrbanRuralKinshasa Bas-

CongoBandundu ÉquateurOrientalNord-

KivuSud-

Kivu Maniema KatangaKasaï

Oriental

Kasaï

Occidental

Total Fertility Rate (number of children per woman)6.65.47.34.26.06.37.05.96.57.76.97.87.38.2 Women age 15-19 who are mothers or currently pregnant (%)2720321337273941182135312424 Median age at first sex: women 20-4916.817.316.517.816.716.515.915.817.817.716.617.116.918.0 Median age at first marriage: women 25-4918.719.618.322.719.618.918.318.319.718.318.118.017.517.7 Median age at first birth: women 25-4919.920.519.722.119.920.419.619.720.119.619.919.219.319.5

Family Planning (married women age 15-49)

Using any method (%)2031154538261711161318131224

Using any modern method (%)815519178451288447

With an unmet need for family planning

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