[PDF] Carbonate geochemistry and its role in geologic carbon storage

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Carbonate geochemistry and its role in geologic carbon storage Sylvain Delerce, Chiara Marieni and Eric H. Oelkers*

Massive quantities of CO2

2 2 2 2- 2

KEYWORDS:

Geologic carbon storage, solubility storage, calcite,

1. INTRODUCTION

A large number of recent

-3] 2) 2/yr 2/yr

2 2/year

2 2 2/yr. further to attain the goals outlined by the IPCC. Such upscaling may be promoted 2

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2 3

3 oC and

3)3 of space is

2. 2 2 2 2 2 2- 2- 2

2. REVIEW OF SUBSURFACE CO2

The 2

2 2 2 2 2 -18] 3

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2 2) into the subsurface.

S 2

2. This mechanism can be used

Residual trapping 2

2

Solubil 2

2 2

Earth's surface.2

2 2 2 2 4

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2 Mi 2 2 's -34] carbon present in carbonate minerals in the Earth's crust

2) presently in the Earth's atmosphere [38]

2

2/year -42]

Figure

1 2

2 ) ͞Ladder cracks" filled with

secondary calcite visible on an outcrop of partially serpentinized peridotites in Oman 1 2 (a) (b) (c) 5

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CaAl2Si2O8 2(g)2O 3 2Si2O5(OH)4(1)

2 2 2. 2 2 2 -50] 2 2 2- 2 -54]2 2 6

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3. THERMODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS

3.1 2 Geologic carbon storage involves the injection of CO2 2 2 2 2 2

Figure2

3

The density of CO2

3 7

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2 2 2

2 back to the

2 2

3.2 2-2O

On 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

0 50 100 150 200 250

Density, g/cm

3

CO2 Pressure, bar

0oC 25oC
50oC
100oC
200oC
(a) 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

0 50 100 150 200 250

Density, g/cm3

H2O Pressure, bar

(b) 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

0 100 200 Density Difference, g/cm

3

Pressure, bar

(c) 8

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2 2 2 2

2CO3) 2

2 2O = H2CO3

Carbonic acid can dissociate in the aqueous phase to the bicarbonate 3) 3)

2CO3 = H+ 3

3= H+ 3

The protons liberated by these reactions leads CO2- 2 2(g) 2(g) 2 2 2 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5

0 100 200

CO

2 solubility (mol/kg H

2O)

Pressure (bars)

25°C

100°C

200°C

(a) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0 100 200

pH

Pressure (bars)

25°C

100°C 200°C

(b) 9

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2 2- carbfix.dat 2

Figure 62(g)

carbfix.dat 2

The solubility of CO2

2 2 2 2 -2,5 -2 -1,5 -1 -0,5 0 0,5 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

logCO

2 solubility ( mol/kg H

2O) pH

25°C

200°C

100°C

10

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2(g) carbfix.dat 2 N2 2

2 ׽

2 о3

3 2 2- 2- 2 2 2 2 2 2-2- 2- 2 2- 2- 0,96 1 1,04 1,08 1,12 1,16 1,2

0 200 400

Density g/cm

3

Pressure, Bars

50 oC
0,92 0,96 1 1,04 1,08 1,12 1,16

0 200 400

Density g/cm

3

Pressure, Bars

100 oC

0,92 0,96 1 1,04 1,08 1,12 1,16

0 200 400

Density g/cm

3

Pressure, Bars

140 oC

11

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2 2

2charged water percolates to the surface, the

2

2+ 3 2(g)3 2O

3.3 2-2O3

Carbon2(g)

2-2O3 is shown as a function of 2(g)

2(g) - 2O at 25- 2O at 2 2-2

Figure 9

2(g) 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0 50 100 150 Calcite Solubility (mol/kg x 100)

CO2(g) pressure (bars)

4 4,5 5 5,5 6 6,5 7

0 50 100 150

pH

CO2(g) pressure (bars)

25°C

100°C

(a) (b) 12

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2

4. KINETIC CONSIDERATION

4.1 2

The rates of CO2 2-

rate 2 2 2 2 2- 2 2 2 2-2- 2- -73]2 2 2-

The dissolution of CO2 2

2- 2 2- 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2- 2 2 13

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4.2 2-

The important role of 2-2O interaction during subsurface carbon storage

2 is injected into a reservoir. Whereas such fluids

2 2- 14

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Figure

-89] 15

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4.3

In contrast to the dissolution

-99] 3)

3)2) at temperatures above ~65°C-104]

2 2+

3) is only rarely observed in modern sedimentary and basaltic rocks

3)

3)(OH))

2 2 2-2- 2- 16

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2. 2- 2 2 2

5. KINETIC MODELING

The impact of

al. 2- -123] 2

2+/Fe3+

17

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2- 2- 2- The molar volumes listed in the thermodynamic database Table

Rock/water ratio 3

Initial CO2 partial pressure

DIC

Temperature

pH

Rock surface (3A୰) 2

Total time

Time step

Table

Crystalline

basalt

Crystalline basalt

with calcite

Sandstone

Primary minerals Albite - - 2 vol%

18

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Anorthite 43 vol% 38 vol% 1 vol%

Basaltic glass 5 vol% 5 vol% -

Calcite - 5 vol% 6 vol%

Diopside 39 vol% 39 vol% -

Forsterite 13 vol% 13 vol% -

K-feldspar - - 13 vol %

quotesdbs_dbs26.pdfusesText_32

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