CH 222 Colligative Properties Worksheet
Colligative Properties and Phase Diagrams - answers at end. Colligative Properties. 1) What is the boiling point of 0.10 M CaCl2((aq)? Would the actual
WORKSHEET:SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES SET
WORKSHEET:SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES. SET A: 1. Find the molarity of all ions in a solution that contains 0.165 moles of aluminum chloride in 820.
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Solution and Colligative Properties Worksheet Answer Keys
Worksheet: Solutions and Colligative Properties. Page 2. Page 3. Page 4. Page 5. Page 6. Page 7. Page 8. Page 9. Page 10. Page 11. Page 12. Page 13.
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Colligative Properties
1) What is the boiling point of CaCl
2 (aq)? Would the actual boiling point be higher or lower than what you calculated? Why? K b = 0.5122) 10 grams of a non-ionic solid (i = 1) are dissolved into 100 mL of water. The freezing
point of the water is depressed 3.32C. What is the molar mass of the solid? K
f = 1.863) Osmotic pressure can be used to determine the formula weight of a compou
nd and is commonly used to calculate the mass of proteins. If 1.00 grams of a protein are dissolved in 100 mL of water, the osmotic pressure will be 92.92 torr. What is the molar mass of the protein?Assume
i = 14) Ocean water has about the same amount of salt in it as NaCl. How
much pressure must be exerted if you wanted to turn ocean water into salt water by reverse osmosis? Assume25 °C.
5) The freezing point depression of a dilute solution of Ammonium Hydroxide (NH
4OH) was
used measured and found to have an i = 1.10. Since this value should not be rounded and it was not a whole value, what can you conclude about the NH 4OH when it dissolves in water?
6) Why do road crews throw salt on the road when it snows? How does it do it?
Page VII-6-1 / Colligative Properties and Phase DiagramsPhase Diagrams
1a) Draw the phase diagram for naphthalene. It melts at 80.5 °C, boils at 218 °C, and the solid is
more dense that its liquid. You do not have to be perfect. Just give the essential features of the diagram.1b) Using the diagram just drawn, show how solid naphthalene is more de
nse thanliquid naphthalene.2) Using the phase diagram for water, explain why an ice skater can glide smoothly across the
ice. What is the skater actually gliding on?3) Sketch a phase diagram for benzene and locate these points: the triple point (5.5 °C and 35.8
torr), the boiling point (80.1 °C) and the critical point (288.5 °C and 47.7 atm). Solid benzene
does not float on its liquid.4) Sketch a phase diagram for dry ice (CO2) and locate these points: the triple point (-56.4 °C and
5.11 atm), the sublimation point (-78.5 °C) and the critical point (3
1.1 °C and 73 atm). Solid
CO2 does not float on its liquid.
Page VII-6-2 / Colligative Properties and Phase DiagramsColligative Properties
1) What is the boiling point of CaCl
2 ? Would the actual boiling point be higher or lower than what you calculated? Why? K b = 0.512 T = 0.512 (0.1)(3) = 0.1536 °C + 100 °C = 100.1536 °C. The actual BP would be lower because i will not be exactly 3. This is because the ions are not completely separ ate in solution - they "clump" together a little, making the solution look less conc entrated than it really is. We usually ignore this affect when we do our calculations.2) 10 grams of a non-ionic solid (i = 1) are dissolved into 100 mL of water. The freezing
point of the water is depressed 3.32 °C. What is the molar mass of the solid? K f = 1.86 T = 1.86 (m)(1) = 3.32°C - > m = 1.785 M = (10g/MM)/0.100 L) so MM = 56.02 g/mol.3) Osmotic pressure can be used to determine the formula weight of a compou
nd and is commonly used to calculate the mass of proteins. If 1.00 gram of a protein is dissolved in 100 mL of water, the osmotic pressure will be 92.92 torr. What is the molar mass of the protein?Assume i = 1 and 25 °C.
(92.92 torr/760 torr/atm) = c(0.08206)(298) - > c = (1gram/MM) /(0.100L) =0.005 M - > MM = 2000 g/mol
4) Ocean water has about the same amount of salt in it as NaCl. How
much pressure must be exerted if you wanted to turn ocean water into salt water by reverse osmosis? Assume25 °C.
= (2)(0.82 M)(0.08206)(298K) = 40.1 atm or more5) The freezing point depression of a dilute solution of Ammonium Hydroxide
(NH 4OH) was
used measured and found to have an i = 1.10. Since this value should not be rounded and it was not a whole value, what can you conclude about the NH 4OH when it dissolves in water?
It seems that NH
4OH does not form NH
4 and OH in water. It stays mostly as NH 4OH and
only a small amount becomes NH 4 and OH6) Why do road crews throw salt on the road when it snows? How does it do it?
The salt causes the ice to melt by lowering its freezing point. Page VII-6-3 / Colligative Properties and Phase DiagramsPhase Diagrams
1a) Draw the phase diagram for naphthalene. It melts at 80.5 °C, boils at 218 °C, and the solid is
more dense that its liquid. You do not have to be perfect. Just give the essential features of the diagram.1b) Using the diagram just drawn, show how solid naphthalene is more de
nse thanliquid naphthalene. As pressure increases you move from the liquid into the solid phase. The more dense medium is the solid so it sinks on the liquidSolid is more
dense than liquid Page VII-6-4 / Colligative Properties and Phase Diagrams2) Using the phase diagram for water, explain why an ice skater can glide smoothly across the
ice. What is the skater actually gliding on? The pressure from the skate melts the ice so the skater actually skates on a thin layer of water.Solid is less
dense than liquid3) Sketch a phase diagram for benzene and locate these points: the triple point (5.5 °C and 35.8
torr), the boiling point (80.1 °C) and the critical point (288.5 °C and 47.7 atm). The diagrams all look the same. The only thing that changes is the tempe rature and pressures where stuff happens.Solid is more
dense than liquid Page VII-6-5 / Colligative Properties and Phase Diagrams4) Sketch a phase diagram for dry ice (CO
2 ) and locate these points: the triple point (-56.4 °C and5.11 atm), the sublimation point (-78.5 °C) and the critical point (31.1 °C and 73 atm). Solid CO
2 does not float on its liquidSolid is more
dense than liquid In this case, CO 2 does not have a boiling point or melting point. BP and MP are defined as occurring where the 1 atm pressure line crosses the solid/liquid line ( melting point) and theliquid gas line (boiling point). The 1 atm line for CO 2 does not cross either of these line but crosses the solid/gas line which is sublimation. Page VII-6-6 / Colligative Properties and Phase Diagramsquotesdbs_dbs2.pdfusesText_2[PDF] collins advanced french grammar pdf
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