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Parent Motivation Regarding Dual Language Immersion Programs By

Bryan W. Taylor

A Dissertation Submitted to the

Gardner-Webb University School of Education

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education

Gardner-Webb University

2016
ii

Approval Page

This dissertation was submitted by Bryan W. Taylor under the direction of the persons listed below. It was submitted to the Gardner-Webb University School of Education and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education at Gardner-Webb University. __________________________________ ________________________

Steve Laws, Ed.D. Date

Committee Chair

_________________________________ ________________________

John Balls, Ed.D. Date

Committee Member

_________________________________ ________________________

Cheryl Lutz, Ed.D. Date

Committee Member

_________________________________ ________________________

Jeffrey Rogers, Ph.D. Date

Dean of the Gayle Bolt Price School

of Graduate Studies iii

Acknowledgements

I would like to express my appreciation to the many individuals who have assisted me during the process of obtaining my doctorate in educational leadership. I am very grateful and thankful for their time and effort during this process. To begin, I would like to say thank you to all of the families who took part in this study. Without their participation, this would not have been possible. I would also like to say thank you to all of the professors and instructors who have worked with me over the last 3 years. I would like to say a special thank you to Dr. Doug Eury for his support and to Dr. John Balls and Dr. Cheryl Lutz for serving on my dissertation committee. I would also like to say a very special thank you to Dr. Steve Laws for serving as the chair of my dissertation committee and more importantly being my friend. I will never forget the time, effort, and support you provided me during this process. Finally, I would like to thank my friends and family. I would not have been able to reach this goal without the love and support of my friends and family. Thank you Mom and Dad for all the love and support you have given me. I would not be where I am today without your love and support. Thank you to my daughter Shelbey. I am proud of you and I am proud to be your father. Thank you for your patience and support as I worked to achieve this goal. iv

Abstract

Parent Motivation Regarding Dual Language Immersion Programs. Taylor, Bryan W.,

2016: Dissertation, Gardner-Webb University, Flow/Parental Choice/Bilingual

Education/Dual Language Immersion/Factors that Motivate Parents to Enroll their

Children in Dual Language Immersion.

Some consider the current arrangement of public education to be counterproductive to change and improvement. There are those who call for more parental choice when it comes to education. One way to provide more choice is bilingual education, more specifically, dual language immersion. This study sought to determine if dual language immersion programs are viable choice options. This study also investigated and analyzed motivating factors that led parents to enroll their children in dual language immersion programs. This study involved 91 families from three elementary schools in three North Carolina school districts. Participants were surveyed to determine what factors motivated them to enroll their children in a dual language immersion program. The survey return rate for this study was 59%. Data collected from both English-speaking and Spanish-speaking parents indicated parents chose to enroll their children in dual language immersion programs for several reasons. The top five reasons parents chose to enroll their children in dual language immersion programs are (1) being able to speak, read, and/or write in multiple languages; (2) being more successful in a global economy; (3) being more comfortable relating to other people and other cultures; (4) having a stronger identity as a bilingual/bicultural individual; and (5) being more successful in school. v

Table of Contents

Page

Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................................................................1

Problem Statement ...............................................................................................................2

Purpose of Study ..................................................................................................................9

Research Questions ............................................................................................................10

Importance of Study ...........................................................................................................10

Contextual Framework of Study ........................................................................................11

Terms and Definitions........................................................................................................11

Chapter 2: Review of the Literature ...................................................................................15

Overview ............................................................................................................................15

Introduction of Bilingual Education ..................................................................................15

History of Bilingual Education in America .......................................................................23

What Are the Benefits of Bilingual Education? ................................................................26

Bilingual Education Models of Instruction ........................................................................28

Dual Language Immersion .................................................................................................30

Parental Choice in Language Programs .............................................................................38

Chapter 3: Methodology ....................................................................................................47

Introduction ........................................................................................................................47

Nature of the Study ............................................................................................................48

Selection of Sample ...........................................................................................................50

Instrumentation ..................................................................................................................52

Data Collection Procedures ................................................................................................54

Data Analysis Procedures ..................................................................................................55

Chapter 4: Results .............................................................................................................56

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations ..............................................87

Overview of the Study ......................................................................................................87

The Conceptual Framework Revisited ..............................................................................89

Limitations ........................................................................................................................91

Summary of the Findings ..................................................................................................91

English-Speaking Parents ..................................................................................................95

Spanish-Speaking Parents ..................................................................................................96

Conclusions ........................................................................................................................98

Recommendations for Dual Language Immersion ............................................................99

Recommendations for Future Research ...........................................................................103

References ........................................................................................................................105

Appendices

A English Parent Letter and Intent to Participate ....................................................113

B English Survey .....................................................................................................115

C Spanish Parent Letter and Intent to Participate ....................................................118

D Spanish Survey.....................................................................................................120

Tables

1 Potential Survey Population ...................................................................................58

2 Number of Surveys Completed and Returned by Ethnicity...................................59

3 Number of Surveys Returned by District...............................................................59

4 Question 1: Student Grade .....................................................................................60

5 Questions 2 and 3: Native Language of Parents ....................................................60

vi

6 Question 4: Primary Language Spoken at Home ...................................................61

7 Questions 5 and 6: Ethnicity of Parents .................................................................61

8 Questions 7 and 8: Education Level of Parents .....................................................62

9 Questions 9: Reason Child Attends Respective School .........................................64

Language Immersion? ............................................................................................75

11 Question 12: How Parents Learned of Dual Language Immersion .......................76

12 Question 13: What Parents Consider to be Benefits of Dual Language

Immersion ..............................................................................................................79

13 Question 14: Satisfaction Level of Parents ............................................................81

Language Immersion? ............................................................................................83

Figure

Reasons for Choosing Dual Language Immersion ................................................72 1

Chapter 1: Introduction

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